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Although the laws of classical physics are deterministic, thermodynamics gives rise to an arrow of time through irreversible processes. In quantum mechanics the unitary nature of the time evolution makes it intrinsically reversible, however…
The Casimir effect realizes the existence of static negative energy densities in quantum field theory. We establish physically reasonable conditions for the non-negativity of the total mass of a Casimir apparatus held in equilibrium in the…
The Casimir force between metallic plates made of realistic materials is evaluated for distances in the nanometer range. A spectrum over real frequencies is introduced and shows narrow peaks due to surface resonances (plasmon polaritons or…
Reconstructing the density fluctuations in the early Universe that evolved into the distribution of galaxies we see today is a challenge of modern cosmology [ref.]. An accurate reconstruction would allow us to test cosmological models by…
Casimir and Casimir-Polder repulsion have been known for more than 50 years. The general "Lifshitz" configuration of parallel semi-infinite dielectric slabs permits repulsion if they are separated by a dielectric fluid that has a value of…
Quantum backflow is a counterintuitive effect in which the probability density of a free particle moves in the direction opposite to the particle's momentum. If the particle is electrically charged, then the effect can be viewed as the…
We study two coupled active rotators with Kuramoto-type coupling and focus our attention to specific transitional regimes where the coupling is neither attractive nor repulsive. We show that certain such situations at the edge of…
The Rytov approximation has been commonly used to obtain reconstructed images for optical tomography. However, the method requires linearization of the nonlinear inverse problem. Here, we demonstrate nonlinear Rytov approximations by…
We propose an experimental scheme which allows to realize approximate time reversal of matter waves for ultracold atoms in the regime of quantum chaos. We show that a significant fraction of the atoms return back to their original state,…
The Casimir effect continues to be a subject of discussion regarding its relationship, or the lack of it, with the vacuum energy of fluctuating quantum fields. In this note, we propose a Gedankenexperiment considering an imaginary process…
We critically review the possibilities of a repulsive Casimir interaction between materials which carry Chern-Simons surface actions for the electromagnetic field.
The Casimir force between two metallic plates is affected by their roughness state. This effect is usually calculated through the so-called `proximity force approximation' which is only valid for small enough wavevectors in the spectrum of…
A novel method to solve inverse problems for the wave equation is introduced. The method is a combination of the boundary control method and an iterative time reversal scheme, leading to adaptive imaging of coefficient functions of the wave…
The time reversal method in thermoacoustic tomography is used for approximating the initial pressure inside a biological object using measurements of the pressure wave made on a surface surrounding the object. This article presents error…
Living systems are subject to the arrow of time; from birth, they undergo complex transformations (self-organization) in a constant battle for survival, but inevitably ageing and disease trap them to death. Can ageing be understood and…
A binary fluid mixture in contact with lateral particle reservoirs is considered. By imposing different particle concentrations in these reservoirs, the system can be maintained under controlled non-equilibrium conditions. Previous…
We present a new Monte Carlo method to calculate Casimir forces acting on objects in a near-critical fluid, considering the two basic cases of a wall and a sphere embedded in a two-dimensional Ising medium. During the simulation, the…
The particle distribution function that describes two interpenetrating plasma streams is re-investigated. It is shown how, based on the Maxwell-Boltzmann-J\"uttner distribution function that has been derived almost a century ago, a…
The zero-temperature Casimir-Lifshitz force between two plates moving parallel to each other at arbitrary constant speed was found in [New J. Phys. 11, 033035 (2009)]. The solution is here generalized to the case where the plates are at…
We propose a procedure for the renormalization of Casimir energy, that is based on the implicit versions of standard steps of renormalization procedure --- regularization, subtraction and removing the regularization. The proposed procedure…