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In this paper we explore the fundamentals of the Martingale Representation Theorem (MRT) and a closely related result, the Clark-Ocone formula. We also investigate how far these theorems can be taken, notably beyond the regular Sobolev…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-06-25 Deborah Schneider-Luftman

It is known that a relative translational motion between the deflector and the observer affects gravitational lensing. In this paper, a lens equation is obtained to describe such effects on actual lensing observables. Results can be easily…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Sereno

I examine the results obtained so far in exploring the recent proposal of theories of the relativistic transformations between inertial observers that involve both an observer-independent velocity scale and an observer-independent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

Potts models, which can be used to analyze dependent observations on a lattice, have seen widespread application in a variety of areas, including statistical mechanics, neuroscience, and quantum computing. To address the intractability of…

Computation · Statistics 2021-10-15 Anirban Chakraborty , Matthias Katzfuss , Joseph Guinness

Within classical optics, one may add microscopic "roughness" to a macroscopically flat mirror so that parallel rays of a given angle are reflected at different outgoing angles. Taking the limit (as the roughness becomes increasingly…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-04-12 Omer Angel , Krzysztof Burdzy , Scott Sheffield

I propose a general class of space-times whose structure is governed by observer-independent scales of both velocity ($c$) and length (Planck length), and I observe that these space-times can naturally host a modification of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

This paper introduces a framework based on linear splines for 2-dimensional extended object tracking and classification. Unlike state of the art models, linear splines allow to represent extended objects whose contour is an arbitrarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Matteo Tesori , Giorgio Battistelli , Luigi Chisci

Under the assumption of closed-path velocity of light invariant, we show both the general expression of velocity of light in an ordinary inertial reference frame and the generalized Lorentz transformation between the ordinary inertial…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Daqing Liu , Xinghua Li , Yanshen Wang

We revisit the relativistic restricted two-body problem with spin employing a perturbation scheme based on Lie series. Starting from a post-Newtonian expansion of the field equations, we develop a first-order secular theory that reproduces…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-14 Francesco Biscani , Sante Carloni

Special relativity includes a concealed mechanism for reducing time-dilation effects in two mutually-receding objects. Forwarding their signals via one or more intermediate physical relay stages (a "probe chain") allows enhanced…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric Baird

Analytical expressions for the orbital precessions affecting the relative motion of the components of a local binary system induced by Lorentz-violating Preferred Frame Effects (PFE) are explicitly computed in terms of the PPN parameters…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-06 Lorenzo Iorio

Recent observational data from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration provide convincing realistic evidence for the existence of black hole rotation. From a phenomenological perspective, a recently proposed stable rotating regular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-15 Chen-Hao Xie , Yu Zhang , Qi Sun , Qi-Quan Li , Peng-Fei Duan

Multiple linear regression is a basic statistical tool, yielding a prediction formula with the input variables, slopes, and an intercept. But is it really easy to see which terms have the largest effect, or to explain why the prediction of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-23 Peter J. Rousseeuw

We show that a cosmic standard ruler can be constructed from the joint measurement of the time delay (dt) between gravitationally lensed quasar images and the velocity dispersion (sigma^2) of the lensing galaxy. This is specifically shown,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-06 Danuta Paraficz , Jens Hjorth

We present a new perspective on gravitational lensing. We describe a new extension of the weak lensing formalism capable of describing strongly lensed images. By integrating the non-linear geodesic deviation equation, the amplification…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-27 Chris Clarkson

We investigate how deformations of special relativity in momentum space can be extended to position space in a consistent way, such that the dimensionless contraction between wave-vector and coordinate-vector remains invariant. By using a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Hossenfelder

We model the light-curves from radiation-driven clouds near an accreting black hole. Taking into account the multiple images due to strong gravitational lensing, we find that sharp spikes can significantly enhance the observed flux.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-12-16 V. Karas

We present two different paradoxes related to the length contraction in special relativity and explain their resolution.

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Robert Cacioppo , Asim Gangopadhyaya

The difference in travel time of corotating and counter-rotating light waves in the field of a central massive and spinning body is studied. The corrections to the special relativistic formula are worked out in a Kerr field. Estimation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Tartaglia

As the Universe expands, the redshift of distant sources changes with time. Here we discuss gravitational lensing phenomena that are consequence of the redshift drift between lensed source, gravitational lens, and observer. When the source…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-01 Giovanni Covone , Mauro Sereno