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Relative motion in space with multifractal time (fractional dimension of time close to integer $d_{t}=1+\epsilon (r,t), \epsilon \ll 1$) for "almost" inertial frames of reference (time is almost homogeneous and almost isotropic) is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Ya. Kobelev

In Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, all observers measure the speed of light, $c$, to be the same. However, this refers to the round trip speed, where a clock at the origin times the outward and return trip of light reflecting off a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-17 Geraint F. Lewis , Luke A. Barnes

The momentum of light inside ponderable media has an electromagnetic part and a mechanical part. The local and instantaneous density of the electromagnetic part of the momentum is given by the Poynting vector divided by the square of the…

Optics · Physics 2012-08-07 Masud Mansuripur

A century ago, J. J. Thomson showed that the scattering of low-intensity light by electrons was a linear process (i.e., the scattered light frequency was identical to that of the incident light) and that light's magnetic field played no…

Optics · Physics 2009-10-31 Szu-yuan Chen , Anatoly Maksimchuk , Donald Umstadter

We show that the interpretation of $\mathbf{D}=\varepsilon_{0} \mathbf{E}$ as vacuum polarization is consistent with quantum electrodynamics. A free electromagnetic field polarizes the vacuum but the magnetization and polarization currents…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-20 Margaret Hawton , Luis L. Sanchez-Soto , Gerd Leuchs

Relationship between the speed of gravity c_g and the speed of light c_e in the bi-metric theory of gravity is discussed. We reveal that the speed of light is a function of the speed of gravity which is a primary fundamental constant. Thus,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergei Kopeikin

We tackle the problem of the accelerating universe by reconsidering the most general form of the metric when the speed of light is allowed to evolve with time in a homogeneous and isotropic universe. A new varying speed of light (VSL) model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-07-17 Corrado Appignani

It has been assumed for a century that the energy-momentum tensor of the photon takes a symmetric form, with the renowned Poynting vector assigned as the same density for momentum and energy flow. Here we show that the symmetry of the…

General Physics · Physics 2012-11-21 Xiang-Bai Chen , Xiang-Song Chen

Structurally anisotropic materials are ubiquitous in several application fields, yet their accurate optical characterization remains challenging due to the lack of general models linking their scattering coefficients to the macroscopic…

The slight periodic displacements in the Michelson-Morley interference experiments do not show ether-drift; however, they do show the effects of the theory of general relativity that is, the effects of acceleration and deceleration to the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masanori Sato

In theories, whose Lorentz invariance is violated by involvement of an external any-rank tensor, we show that the standard relativistic rule still holds true for summing the signal speed, understood as the group velocity of a wave, with the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-22 Anatoly E. Shabad

If isotropy of space and homogeneity of space and time are the valid laws of nature then one can show that velocity of any signal (whether it is light in a vacuum or in a medium or something having constant velocity in the rest frame of the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rathin Adhikari

Cosmology is investigated within a new, scalar theory of gravitation, which is a preferred-frame bimetric theory with flat background metric. Before coming to cosmology, the motivation for an " ether theory " is exposed at length; the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Mayeul Arminjon

Since 1983 the meter is defined to be the "length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299792458 of a second". If there was exactly one single consistent method of synchronizing clocks, or if all…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Ostermann

The condensation of elementary quanta and their macroscopic occupation of the same quantum state, say k=0 in some reference frame Sigma, is the essential ingredient of the degenerate vacuum of present-day elementary particle physics. This…

General Physics · Physics 2014-05-22 M. Consoli , C. Matheson , A. Pluchino

Three experimental concepts investigating possible anisotropy of the speed of light are presented. They are based on i) beam deflection in a 180 degree magnetic arc, ii) narrow resonance production in an electron-positron collider, and iii)…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-22 B. Wojtsekhowski

We investigate spacetimes whose light cones could be anisotropic. We prove the equivalence of the structures: (a) Lorentz-Finsler manifold for which the mean Cartan torsion vanishes, (b) Lorentz-Finsler manifold for which the indicatrix…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-02-23 E. Minguzzi

Light experiences a non-uniformly moving medium as an effective gravitational field, endowed with an effective metric tensor $\tilde{g}^{\mu \nu}=\eta^{\mu \nu}+(n^2-1)u^\mu u^\nu$, $n$ being the refractive index and $u^\mu$ the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-01-14 I. Brevik , G. Halnes

We elucidate how different theoretical assumptions bring about radically different interpretations of the same experimental result. We do this by analyzing special relativity as it was originally formulated. Then, we examine the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-09-09 Alejandro Cassini , Leonardo Levinas

We consider an Einstein-aether type Lorentz-violating theory of gravity in which the aether vector field $V_{\mu }$ is represented as the gradient of a scalar field $\phi $, $V_{\mu }=\nabla _{\mu }\phi $. A self interacting potential for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-08 Zahra Haghani , Tiberiu Harko , Hamid Reza Sepangi , Shahab Shahidi