Related papers: Zipf's Law in Importance of Genes for Cancer Class…
Diseases involve complex processes and modifications to the cellular machinery. The gene expression profile of the affected cells contains characteristic patterns linked to a disease. Hence, biological knowledge pertaining to a disease can…
The nature of the quantitative distribution of the 64 DNA codons in the human genome has been an issue of debate for over a decade. Some groups have proposed that the quantitative distribution of the DNA codons ordered as a rank-frequency…
The rank-size regularity known as Zipf's law is one of scaling laws and frequently observed within the natural living world and in social institutions. Many scientists tried to derive the rank-size scaling relation by entropy-maximizing…
The task of text segmentation may be undertaken at many levels in text analysis---paragraphs, sentences, words, or even letters. Here, we focus on a relatively fine scale of segmentation, hypothesizing it to be in accord with a stochastic…
With the increased affordability and availability of whole-genome sequencing, large-scale and high-throughput gene expression is widely used to characterize diseases, including cancers. However, establishing specificity in cancer diagnosis…
By employing exhaustive lists of large firms in European countries, we show that the upper-tail of the distribution of firm size can be fitted with a power-law (Pareto-Zipf law), and that in this region the growth rate of each firm is…
Microarray gene expression data are often accompanied by a large number of genes and a small number of samples. However, only a few of these genes are relevant to cancer, resulting in signigicant gene selection challenges. Hence, we propose…
Zipf's law is the main regularity of quantitative linguistics. Despite of many works devoted to foundations of this law, it is still unclear whether it is only a statistical regularity, or it has deeper relations with information-carrying…
Power law is one of the the simplest forms of the relationship between different variables of a system. It leads naturally to the introduction of compound parameters describing physical properties of the system. Often one of the variables…
Genetic alterations initiate tumors and enable the evolution of drug resistance. The pro-cancer view of mutations is however incomplete, and several studies show that mutational load can reduce tumor fitness. Given its negative effect,…
Complex gene interactions play a significant role in cancer progression, driving cellular behaviors that contribute to tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Gene co-expression networks model the functional connectivity between genes under…
Motivated by the size of cell line drug sensitivity data, researchers have been developing machine learning (ML) models for predicting drug response to advance cancer treatment. As drug sensitivity studies continue generating data, a common…
MicroRNAs play an indispensable role in numerous biological processes ranging from organismic development to tumor progression.In oncology,these microRNAs constitute a fundamental regulation role in the pathology of cancer that provides the…
Power-law distributions are typical macroscopic features occurring in almost all complex systems observable in nature. As a result, researchers in quantitative analyses must often generate random synthetic variates obeying power-law…
Lung cancer is a condition where there is abnormal growth of malignant cells that spread in an uncontrollable fashion in the lungs. Some common treatment strategies are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation which aren't the best options due…
Gene expression analysis aims at identifying the genes able to accurately predict biological parameters like, for example, disease subtyping or progression. While accurate prediction can be achieved by means of many different techniques,…
Background: Zipf's law and Heaps' law are observed in disparate complex systems. Of particular interests, these two laws often appear together. Many theoretical models and analyses are performed to understand their co-occurrence in real…
This paper studies the limits of language models' statistical learning in the context of Zipf's law. First, we demonstrate that Zipf-law token distribution emerges irrespective of the chosen tokenization. Second, we show that Zipf…
We present the GeneScore, a concept of feature reduction for Machine Learning analysis of biomedical data. Using expert knowledge, the GeneScore integrates different molecular data types into a single score. We show that the GeneScore is…
In the postgenome era many efforts have been dedicated to systematically elucidate the complex web of interacting genes and proteins. These efforts include experimental and computational methods. Microarray technology offers an opportunity…