Related papers: Changing Mass Corrects Newtonian Gravity
Gravitation might make a preferred frame appear, and with it a clear space/time separation--the latter being, a priori, needed by quantum mechanics (QM) in curved space-time. Several models of gravitation with an ether are discussed: they…
Dark matter, a conjectured substance not directly observable but which has tremendous mass, was proposed to explain why galaxies hold together and rotate faster at their edges than predicted by Newton's Inverse Square (1/r2) Law of Gravity.…
We discuss possible variations of the effective gravitational constant with length scale, predicted by most of alternative theories of gravity and unified models of physical interactions. After a brief general exposition, we review in more…
For Einstein's General Relativity (GR) or the alternatives suggested up to date the vacuum energy gravitates. We present a model where a new measure is introduced for integration of the total action in the D-dimensional space-time. This…
We analyze the possible variability of the effective Newtonian gravitational constant $G_{\rm N}$ in space and time in the framework of the geometric scalar theory of gravity suggested by M. Novello et al. [JCAP 06, 014 (2013); arXiv:…
Modified Newtonian dynamics proposed that gravitational field needs modifications when the field strength $g$ is weaker than a critical value $g_0$. This has been shown to be a good candidate as an alternative to cosmic dark matter. There…
Although there is overwhelming evidence of dark matter from its gravitational interaction, we still do not know its precise gravitational interaction strength or whether it obeys the equivalence principle. Using the latest available…
The standard theory of General Relativity (GR) currently provides the most reliable description of all gravitational events in Astrophysics and Cosmology. However, current Astronomy allows measurements that contradict the predictions of GR…
An exact analytical expression for the bending angle of light due to a non-rotating massive object, considering the actual distances from source and observer to the gravitational mass, is derived. Our novel formula generalizes Darwin…
Newton's second law has limited scope of application when transient phenomena are present. We consider a modification of Newton's second law in order to take into account a sudden change (surge) of angular momentum or linear momentum. We…
The gravitational effect of vacuum polarization in space exterior to a particle in (2+1)-dimensional Einstein theory is investigated. In the weak field limit this gravitational field corresponds to an inverse square law of gravitational…
The idea of possible modification to gravity theory, whether it is in the Newtonian or general relativistic premises, is there for quite sometime. Based on it, astrophysical and cosmological problems are targeted to solve. But none of the…
The equations of motion for matter fields are invariant under the shift of the matter lagrangian by a constant. Such a shift changes the energy momentum tensor of matter by T^a_b --> T^a_b +\rho \delta^a_b. In the conventional approach,…
We investigate how an equation of state for matter is affected when a gravity is present. For this purpose, we consider a box of ideal gas in the presence of Newtonian gravity. In addition to the ordinary thermodynamic quantities, a…
The observed matter in the universe accounts for just 5 percent of the observed gravity. A possible explanation is that Newton's and Einstein's theories of gravity fail where gravity is either weak or enhanced. The modified theory of…
Newton's Second Law defines inertial mass as the ratio of the applied force on an object to the responding acceleration of the object (viz., F=ma). Objects that exhibit finite accelerations under finite forces are described as being…
Under the explicit violation of the general covariance to the unimodular one, the effect of the emerging scalar graviton on the static spherically symmetric metrics is studied. The main results are three-fold. First, there appears the…
The Newtonian gravitational constant has still 150 parts per million of uncertainty. This paper examines the linear and nonlinear equations governing the rotational dynamics of the torsion gravitational balance. A nonlinear effect modifying…
Metric theories of gravity are studied, beginning with a general action that is quadratic in curvature and allows infinite inverse powers of the d'Alembertian operator, resulting in infrared non-local extensions of general relativity. The…
In this work we discuss different interpretations of mass in the relativistic dynamics. A new way to introduce mass is proposed. Our way is based on the relativistic equation of motion expressed in the form of the Newton$'$s second law. In…