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A revised phase diagram for water shows three distinct fluid phases. There is no continuity of liquid and gas and no critical point on Gibbs density surface. A liquid state, water, spans all temperatures. A thermodynamic rigidity function,…
Phase stability, and the limits thereof, are a central concern of materials thermodynamics. However, the temperature limits of equilibrium liquid stability in chemical systems have only been widely characterized under constant (typically…
We establish three partial differential equation models describing the thermodynamics of the fluid, by combining the energetic variational approach, appropriate constitutive relations, and classical thermodynamics laws. What is more, by…
In this paper we consider the conditions on quasi-thermal-incompressible so that they satisfy all the principles of thermodynamics, including the stability condition associated with the concavity of the chemical potential. We analyze the…
Molecular simulation study of the heat capacity of metastable water between 100K and 300K Molecular simulations have been used to study the heat capacity of metastable liquid water at low temperature adsorbed on a smooth surface. These…
In this contribution, we study situations in which nanoparticles in a fluid are strongly heated, generating high heat fluxes. This situation is relevant to experiments in which a fluid is locally heated using selective absorption of…
Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy has revolutionized structural biology and materials science, but achieving temperatures below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen remains a long-standing aspiration. We introduce an ultra-cold…
A generally accepted understanding of the anomalous properties of water will only emerge if it becomes possible to systematically characterize water in the deeply supercooled regime, from where the anomalies appear to emanate. This has…
The limiting temperature $T_{lim}$ of a series of nuclei is calculated employing a set of microscopic nuclear Equations of State (EoS). It is shown that the value of $T_{lim}$ is sensitive to the nuclear matter Equation of State used.…
The existence of a 'crossover region' in glass-forming liquids has long been considered as a general phenomenon that is as important as the glass transition. One potential origin for the crossover behavior is a liquid-to-liquid phase…
Cavitation has historically been related to parameters measured at equilibrium, such as vapor pressure and surface tension. However, nucleation might occur when the liquid is metastable, especially for fast phenomena such as cavitation…
We explore experimentally the fluidization of vertically agitated PMMA spheres wetted by liquid $^4$He. By controlling the temperature around the $\lambda$ point we change the properties of the wetting liquid from a normal fluid (helium I)…
We present the full thermodynamics of a fluid confined by an arbitrary external potential based on the virial expansion of the grand potential. The fluid may be classical or quantum and it is assumed that interatomic interactions are…
The liquid-gas spinodal and the glass transition define ultimate boundaries beyond which substances cannot exist as (stable or metastable) liquids. The relation between these limits is analyzed {\it via} computer simulations of a model…
We investigate melting and undercooling in nanoscale (radius ~100 nm) gold particles that are levitated in a quadrupole ion (Paul) trap in a high vacuum environment. The particle is heated via laser illumination and probed using two main…
Two principles govern the critical temperature for superconducting transitions: (1)~intrinsic strength of the pair coupling and (2)~effect of the many-body environment on the efficiency of that coupling. Most discussions take into account…
Advances in high-precision dielectric spectroscopy has enabled access to non-linear susceptibilities of polar molecular liquids. The observed non-monotonic behavior has been claimed to provide strong support for theories of dynamic arrest…
We have measured the pressure dependence of the supersolid fraction by a torsional oscillator technique. Superflow is found from 25.6 bar up to 136.9 bar. The supersolid fraction in the low temperature limit increases from 0.6 % at 25.6 bar…
An equation of state of the hard sphere fluid which is not analytical at the freezing density is proposed and tested. The nonanalytical term is based on the the classical nucleation theory and is able to capture the observed ``anomalous…
Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study supercritical fluids near the gas-liquid critical point under heat flow in two dimensions. We calculate the steady-state temperature and density profiles. The resultant thermal conductivity…