Related papers: XAFS spectroscopy. I. Extracting the fine structur…
Optimal extraction is a key step in processing the raw images of spectra as registered by two-dimensional detector arrays to a one-dimensional format. Previously reported algorithms reconstruct models for a mean one-dimensional spatial…
Precise knowledge of X-ray diffraction profile shape is crucial in the investigation of the properties of matter in crystals powder. Line-broadening analysis is a pre-processing step in most of the full powder pattern fitting softwares.…
We describe a scheme to extract linearly supporting (LSU) features from stellar spectra to automatically estimate the atmospheric parameters $T_{eff}$, log$~g$, and [Fe/H]. "Linearly supporting" means that the atmospheric parameters can be…
Two iterative techniques are described for decomposing a long-slit spectrum into the individual spectra of the point sources along the slit and the spectrum of the underlying background. One technique imposes the strong constraint that the…
This paper presents a novel Bayesian strategy for the estimation of smooth signals corrupted by Gaussian noise. The method assumes a smooth evolution of a succession of continuous signals that can have a numerical or an analytical…
We present a simple and effective method to eliminate system aberrations and speckle noise in quantitative phase imaging. Using spiral integration, complete information about system aberration is calculated from three laterally shifted…
Purpose: The set of linear attenuation coefficients that belong to materials in the human body is commonly assumed to be spanned by two basis functions in the range of clinical x-ray energies, even though there is evidence that the…
Spectral imaging is a method in medical x-ray imaging to extract information about the object constituents by the material-specific energy dependence of x-ray attenuation. Contrast-enhanced spectral imaging has been thoroughly investigated,…
An experimental search for variation in the fundamental coupling constants is strongly motivated by modern high-energy physics theories. Comparison of quasar absorption line spectra with laboratory spectra provides a sensitive probe for…
We consider the absorption of probe photons by electrons in the presence of an intense, pulsed, background field. Our analysis reveals an interplay between regularisation and gauge invariance which distinguishes absorption from its…
We recently presented a new "artificial intelligence" method for the analysis of high-resolution absorption spectra (Bainbridge and Webb, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 2017, 468,1639-1670). This new method unifies three established numerical…
The decomposition of sounds into sines, transients, and noise is a long-standing research problem in audio processing. The current solutions for this three-way separation detect either horizontal and vertical structures or anisotropy and…
Precise extraction of sinusoidal vibration parameters is essential for the dynamic calibration of vibration sensors, such as accelerometers. However, several standard methods have not yet been optimized for large background noise. In this…
Image foreground extraction is a classical problem in image processing and vision, with a large range of applications. In this dissertation, we focus on the extraction of text and graphics in mixed-content images, and design novel…
High-quality astronomical images delivered by modern ground-based and space observatories demand adequate, reliable software for their analysis and accurate extraction of sources, filaments, and other structures, containing massive amounts…
The issue concerning the significant decline in the stability of feature extraction for images subjected to large-angle affine transformations, where the angle exceeds 50 degrees, still awaits a satisfactory solution. Even ASIFT, which is…
Estimation of the covariance structure of spatial processes is of fundamental importance in spatial statistics. In the literature, several non-parametric and semi-parametric methods have been developed to estimate the covariance structure…
The fitting of spectral lines is a common step in the analysis of line observations and simulations. However, the observational noise, the presence of multiple velocity components, and potentially large data sets make it a non-trivial task.…
This paper presents a robust regression approach for image binarization under significant background variations and observation noises. The work is motivated by the need of identifying foreground regions in noisy microscopic image or…
X-ray spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the analysis of the energy distribution of X-rays from astrophysical sources. It allows for the study of the properties, composition, and physical processes taking place at the site of…