Related papers: Temperature and energy partition in fragmentation
In this paper, I qualitatively discuss the matter formed in the fragmentation region of nuclear collisions at the highest energies. I argue that although the initial temperature and baryon number density can become very large, the ratio of…
Wet granular materials are characterized by a defined bond energy in their particle interaction such that breaking a bond implies an irreversible loss of a fixed amount of energy. Associated with the bond energy is a nonequilibrium…
We study the nucleation and growth of flame fronts in slow combustion. This is modeled by a set of reaction-diffusion equations for the temperature field, coupled to a background of reactants and augmented by a term describing random…
The ratio of symmetry energy coefficient to temperature $C_{sym}/T$ is extracted from different prescriptions using the isotopic as well as the isobaric yield distributions obtained in different projectile fragmentation reactions. It is…
Multifragmentation reactions without large compression in the initial state (proton-induced reactions, reverse-kinematics, projectile fragmentation) are examined, and it is verified quantitatively that the high temperatures obtained from…
We investigate various possible definitions of an effective temperature for a particularly simple nonequilibrium stationary system, namely a heated Brownian particle suspended in a fluid. The effective temperature based on the fluctuation…
Determination of temperature from experimental data has become important in searches for critical phenomena in heavy ion collisions. Widely used methods are ratios of isotopes (which rely on chemical and thermal equilibrium), population…
We suggest a multifragmentation scenario in which fragments are produced at an early, high temperature and high density, stage of the reaction. In this scenario, self-bound clusters of particles in the hot and dense fluid are the precursors…
Local temperature defined by a local canonical state of the respective subsystem, does not always exist in quantum many body systems. Here, we give some examples of how this breakdown of the temperature concept on small length scales might…
Thermodynamic properties can be in principle derived from the partition function, which, in many-atom systems, is hard to evaluate as it involves a sum on the accessible microscopic states. Recently, the partition function has been computed…
We present a model to study the statistics of a single structureless quantum particle freely moving in a space at a finite temperature. It is shown that the quantum particle feels the temperature and can exchange energy with its environment…
To make a statement about the nature and mechanism of fragmentation, it is necessary to probe directly any competition, or lack thereof, between the emission of various particle species as a function of excitation energy. The task is then…
We demonstrate the measurement and manipulation of the temperature of cold CO molecules in a microchip environment. Through the use of time-resolved spatial imaging, we are able to observe the phase-space distribution of the molecules, and…
We solve the Schr\"odinger wave equation for the generalized Morse and Cusp molecular potential models. In the limit of high temperature, at first, we need to calculate the canonical partition function which is basically used to study the…
A novel experimental scheme has been developed in order to measure the heat capacity of mass selected clusters. It is based on controlled sticking of atoms on clusters. This allows one to construct the caloric curve, thus determining the…
We perform a generalized-ensemble simulation of a small peptide taking the interactions among all atoms into account. From this simulation we obtain thermodynamic quantities over a wide range of temperatures. In particular, we show that the…
In the study of thermalization in finite isolated quantum systems, an inescapable issue is the definition of temperature. We examine and compare different possible ways of assigning temperatures to energies or equivalently to eigenstates in…
The fragment production in multifragmentation of finite nuclei is affected by the critical temperature of nuclear matter. We show that this temperature can be determined on the basis of the statistical multifragmentation model (SMM) by…
The systematic data set on isotopic effects in spectator fragmentation collected recently at the GSI laboratory permits the investigation of the N/Z dependence of the nuclear caloric curve which is of interest in several respects. In…
A theoretical approach to describing transport of an entire ensemble of clusters with different sizes as a single species in gas has been developed. The major assumption is an existence of local partial chemical equilibrium between the…