Related papers: Particle ratios at SPS, AGS and SIS
Strangeness production in heavy ion collisions is discussed in a broad energy range from SIS to RHIC. %We emphasize that in the In the whole energy range particle yields are showing high level of chemical equilibration which can be…
The status of stopping in heavy ion reactions is reviewed by comparing available data in pp, pA and AA systems over the energy regime sqrt(s_NN) ~ 2.5 - 130 GeV/c. The data consist of average rapidity losses, anti-proton over proton ratios,…
We have examined the chemical freeze-out surface of the heavy-ion collision experiments within an interacting hadron resonance gas model. By considering repulsive interaction among hadrons in the mean-field level, we have suitably…
The conventional hadron-resonance gas (HRG) model with the Particle Data Group (PDG) hadron input, full chemical equilibrium, and the hadron type dependent eigenvolume interactions is employed to fit the hadron mid-rapidity yield data of…
We present a new approach to take into account resonance decays in the blast-wave model fits of identified hadron spectra. Thanks to pre-calculated decayed particle spectra, we are able to extract, in a matter of seconds, the multiplicity…
We investigate the freeze-out conditions of a particle in an expanding system of interacting particles in order to understand the productions of resonances, hadronic molecules and light nuclei in heavy ion collisions. Applying the kinetic…
The transverse momentum distributions measured in $p-p$ collisions at the LHC determine the kinetic freeze-out stage of the collision. The parameters deduced from these distributions differ from those determined at chemical freeze-out. The…
In relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions the transverse energy per charged particle, E_T/N_ch, increases rapidly with beam energy and remains approximately constant at about 800 MeV for beam energies from SPS to RHIC. It is shown that the…
The ratios of the yields of primary charged antiparticles to particles have been obtained for pions, kaons, and protons near midrapidity for p+p collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. Ratios of <pi-/pi+>=1.000 +/- 0.012 (stat.) +/- 0.019…
The Gibbs energy, G, determines the equilibrium conditions of chemical reactions and materials stability. Despite this fundamental and ubiquitous role, G has been tabulated for only a small fraction of known inorganic compounds, impeding a…
The chemical freeze-out parameters in central nucleus-nucleus collisions are extracted consistently from hadron yield data within the quantum van der Waals (QvdW) hadron resonance gas model. The beam energy dependences for skewness and…
We present an overview of a proposal in relativistic proton-proton ($pp$) collisions emphasizing the thermal or kinetic freeze-out stage in the framework of the Tsallis distribution. In this paper we take into account the chemical potential…
Experiment NA49 at the Cern SPS uses a large acceptance detector for a systematic study of particle yields and correlations in nucleus-nucleus, nucleon-nucleus and nucleon-nucleon collisions. Preliminary results for Pb+Pb collisions at 40,…
Recent data on hadron multiplicities in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV/c at mid-rapidity are analyzed within the concept of chemical freeze-out. A non-uniformity of the baryon chemical potential along the beam axis is taken into…
We study Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c using a hydrodynamical approach. We test different equations of state (EoSs) and different initial conditions and show that there are more than one initial state for each EoS which reproduce the…
A detailed analysis is performed of transverse momentum spectra of several identified hadrons in high energy collisions within the framework of the statistical model of hadronisation. The effect of the decay chain following hadron…
We make systematic measurements of Raman anti-Stokes/Stokes (aS/S) ratios using two different laser excitations (514 and 633 nm) of rhodamine 6G (RH6G) on dried Ag colloids over a wide range of temperatures (100 to 350 K). We show that a…
Hadron yields in high energy heavy ion collisions have been fitted and reproduced by thermal models using standard statistical distributions. These models give insight into the freeze-out conditions at varying beam energies. In this paper…
The current status of various thermal and statistical descriptions of particle production in the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions experiments is presented in detail. We discuss the formulation of various types of thermal models of a…
Application of Micromegas for sampling calorimetry puts specific constraints on the design and performance of this gaseous detector. In particular, uniform and linear response, low noise and stability against high ionisation density…