Related papers: Gauging the three-nucleon spectator equation
We show how to attach an external photon to a system of three strongly interacting nucleons described by three-body scattering equations. Our method involves the idea of gauging the scattering equations themselves, and results in…
We present a general method for incorporating the electromagnetic interaction into descriptions of hadronic processes based on four-dimensional scattering integral equations. The method involves the idea of gauging the scattering equations…
We show how to derive relativistic, unitary, gauge invariant, and charge conserving three-dimensional scattering equations for a system of hadrons interacting with an electromagnetic field. In the method proposed, the spectator equations…
We present a general method for incorporating an external electromagnetic field into descriptions of few-body systems whose strong interactions are described by integral equations. In particular, we address the case where the integral…
The gauging of equations method, introduced in the preceding paper, is applied to the four-dimensional integral equations describing the strong interactions of three identical relativistic particles. In this way we obtain gauge invariant…
In this talk I present some of the more recent developments within the Covariant Spectator Theory. My focus will be on aspects of the derivation of gauge invariant electromagnetic three-nucleon currents which are consistent with the…
We present a general derivation the three-body spectator (Gross) equations and the corresponding electromagnetic currents. As in previous paper on two-body systems, the wave equations and currents are derived from those for Bethe-Salpeter…
We derive a complete Feynman diagram expansion for the elastic form factor and the three-body photo and electrodisintegration of the three-body bound state using the covariant spectator theory. We show that the equations obtained are fully…
Different models for conserved two- and three-body electromagnetic currents are constructed from two- and three-nucleon interactions, using either meson-exchange mechanisms or minimal substitution in the momentum dependence of these…
Results gained for electron scattering on $^3$He in a nonrelativistic framework are reviewed. The electromagnetic current is truncated to a single nucleon operator, but the interaction among the three nucleons is treated exactly. Thus…
A complete, rigorous relativistic field-theory formulation of the nucleon-nucleon (NN) bremsstrahlung reaction is presented. The resulting amplitude is unitary as a matter of course and it is gauge invariant, i.e., it satisfies a…
In response to recent critcism, we show how to define the spectator equations for negative energies so that charge conjugation invariance is preserved. The result, which emerges naturally from the application of spectator principles to…
The relativistic properties of the three-nucleon system are investigated using the Faddeev equations within the Bethe-Salpeter approach. The nucleon-nucleon interaction is chosen in a separable form. The Gauss quadrature method is used to…
The three-nucleon bound and scattering equations are solved in momentum space for a coupled-channel Hamiltonian. The Hamiltonian couples the purely nucleonic sector of Hilbert space with a sector in which one nucleon is excited to a…
We present a unified description of the relativistic piNN and gamma-piNN systems where the strong interactions are described non-perturbatively by four-dimensional integral equations. Our formulation obeys two and three-body unitarity and…
We present a unified description of the relativistic piNN and gamma-piNN systems where the strong interactions are described non-perturbatively by four-dimensional integral equations. A feature of our approach is that the photon is coupled…
We derive expressions for various correlators of the gauge field and find the propagators in Hamiltonian dynamics which employs a new gauge $A^\tau=0$. This gauge is a part of the wedge form of relativistic dynamics suggested earlier as a…
We present the first calculations of the electromagnetic form factors of $^3$He and $^3$H within the framework of the Covariant Spectator Theory (CST). This first exploratory study concentrates on the sensitivity of the form factors to the…
A formalism is presented which allows covariant three-dimensional bound-state equations to be derived systematically from four-dimensional ones without the use of delta-functions. The amplitude for the interaction of a bound state described…
We develop a new approach to production of the spectator nucleons in the heavy ion collisions. The energy transfer to the spectator system is calculated using the Monte Carlo based on the updated version of our generator of configurations…