Related papers: The multifragmentation of spectator matter
Within Fermionic Molecular Dynamics we investigate fragmentation of a compound system which was created in a heavy-ion collision at a beam energy in the Fermi energy domain and the decay of excited iron nuclei. We show that in FMD many-body…
We assume that, in equilibrium, nuclear matter at reduced density and moderate finite temperature, breaks up into many fragments. A strong support to this assumption is provided by date accumulated from intermediate energy heavy ion…
The formation of the projectile spectator and the fragmentation processes in 107,124Sn + 120Sn collisions at 600 MeV/nucleon are studied with the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model. The minimum spanning tree algorithm…
To make a statement about the nature and mechanism of fragmentation, it is necessary to probe directly any competition, or lack thereof, between the emission of various particle species as a function of excitation energy. The task is then…
In this talk I discuss how a first order phase transition may proceed in rapidly expanding partonic matter produced in a relativistic heavy-ion collision. The resulting picture is that a strong collective flow of matter will lead to the…
Exploiting the first measurements of the same ion species in O+O collisons at RHIC and LHC, we propose an experimentally accessible observable to distinguish whether collective behaviour builds up through a hydrodynamic expansion of a…
Deviations from thermal distribution functions of produced particles in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are discussed as indicators for nonequilibrium processes. The focus is on rapidity distributions of produced charged hadrons as…
We analyze the thermodynamical state of nuclear matter in transport descriptions of heavy ion reactions. We determine thermodynamical variables from an analysis of local momentum space distributions and compare to blast model parameters…
A great many observables seen in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions can be explained on the basis of statistical equilibrium. Calculations based on statistical equilibrium can be implemented in microcanonical ensemble (energy and…
The equation of state of nuclear matter suggests that at suitable beam energies the disassembling hot system formed in heavy ion collisions will pass through a liquid-gas coexistence region. Searching for the signatures of the phase…
Multiplicity fluctuations are one of the most crucial observables in the Beam Energy Scan program of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. It is understood that they can be utilized to probe the whereabouts of the critical point on the phase…
We aim to study the participant-spectator matter over a wide range of energies of vanish- ing flow and masses. For this, we have employed different model parameters at central and semi-central colliding geometries. A nearly mass independent…
Mostly for the purpose of applications for the energy and the environment and for the design of sources of neutrons or exotic nuclides, intense research has been dedicated to spallation, induced by protons or light projectiles at incident…
The electromagnetic effects on charged pion ($\pi^+,\pi^-$) spectra provide new, independent information on the space-time evolution of the ultrarelativistic heavy ion collision. The spectator life time and its excitation energy may also be…
We study the participant-spectator matter, density and temperature reached in heavy-ion reactions of neutron-rich systems having N/Z varying from 1.0 to 2.0 at 50 and 250 MeV/nucleon. The N/Z dependence of these quantities is also…
This dissertation examines the phenomenology of statistical hadronization at ultrarelativistic energies. We start with an overview of current experimental and theoretical issues in Relativistic heavy ion physics. We then introduce…
We show that the phenomenology of isospin effects on heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies (few AGeV range) is extremely rich and can allow a ``direct'' study of the covariant structure of the isovector interaction in the hadron…
Using information theory we derive a thermodynamics for systems evolving under a collective motion, i.e. under a time-odd constraint. An illustration within the Lattice gas Model is given for two model cases: a collision between two complex…
The fragmentation of excited hypernuclear system formed in heavy ion collisions has been described by the canonical thermodynamical model extended to three component systems. The multiplicity distribution of the fragments has been analyzed…
Interplay between the spectator and participant matter in heavy-ion collisions is investigated within isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model in term of rapidity distribution of light charged particles. The effect of…