Related papers: Feedback from Freeze-out in Hydrodynamics
We use a hydrodynamic model to study the space-time evolution transverse to the beam direction in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions with nonzero impact parameters. We focus on the influence of early pressure on the development of…
Nonintegrability plays a crucial role in thermalization and transport processes in many-body Hamiltonian systems, yet its quantitative effects remain unclear. To reveal the connection between the macroscopic relaxation properties and the…
I discuss the quantities and effects important for the freeze-out and outline a formalism for the description of continuous decoupling of particles from the fireball. Then I present a calculation of the scattering rates of pions at various…
A survey of various mechanisms for particle emission in hydrodynamics is presented. First, in the case of sudden freeze out, the problem of negative contributions in the Cooper-Frye formula and ways out are presented. Then the separate…
We propose a general approach to freezing out fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions using the principle of maximum entropy. We find the results naturally expressed as a direct relationship between the irreducible relative correlators…
The recently formulated framework of anisotropic hydrodynamics is used in 3+1 dimensions to study behavior of matter created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The model predictions for various hadronic observables show that the effects…
One surprising result in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is that the abundance of various particles measured in experiments is consistent with the picture that they reach chemical equilibrium at a temperature much higher than the…
The energy and baryon densities in heavy ion collisions are estimated by analytically solving a 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model with source terms. Particularly, a competition between the energy and baryon sources and the expansion of…
We investigate the hydrodynamics of the QCD plasma using dimensionless numbers built from the thermodynamics and transport theory of the plasma and characteristic dimensions of the fireball produced in heavy-ion collisions. We find that by…
For a dense and strongly interacting system, such as a nucleus or a strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma, the foundation of hydrodynamics can be better found in the quantum description of constituents moving in the strong mean fields…
Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical…
The relativistic hydrodynamical equations are being examined with the aim of extracting the quantum-mechanical equations (the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation and the Schr\"odinger equation in the non-relativistic limit). In both cases it…
The freeze out (FO) of the expanding systems, created in relativistic heavy ion collisions, is discussed. We start with kinetic FO model, which realizes complete physical FO in a layer of given thickness, and then combine our gradual FO…
A key ingredient of hydrodynamical modeling of relativistic heavy ion collisions is thermal initial conditions, an input that is the consequence of a pre-thermal dynamics which is not completely understood yet. In the paper we employ a…
Hydrodynamics is the appropriate "effective theory" for describing any fluid medium at sufficiently long length scales. This paper treats the vacuum as such a medium and derives the corresponding hydrodynamic equations. Unlike a normal…
Dissipative processes in relativistic fluids are known to be important in the analyses of the hot QCD matter created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. In this work, I consider dissipative corrections to energy and conserved charge…
We investigate the effect of early chemical freeze-out on radial and elliptic flow by using a fully three dimensional hydrodynamic model. We find that the time evolution of temperature and the thermal freeze-out temperature dependence of…
We present algorithms to solve relativistic hydrodynamics in 3+1--dimensional situations without apparent symmetry to simplify the solution. In simulations of heavy--ion collisions, these numerical schemes have to deal with the physical…
An alternative, to the commonly used blast-wave, model describing the freeze-out hypersurface is applied to fit the $p_{T}$-spectra of identified hadrons measured at relativistic heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4, 130$ and 200…
In this lecture note, we present several topics on relativistic hydrodynamics and its application to relativistic heavy ion collisions. In the first part we give a brief introduction to relativistic hydrodynamics in the context of heavy ion…