Related papers: Collective Flow from the Intranuclear Cascade Mode…
Collective flow as a consequence of hydrodynamical evolution in heavy ion collisions is intensively studied by theorists and experimentalists to understand the behavior of hot quark matter. Due to their large mass, heavy ions suffer…
Collective flow observables are known to be a sensitive tool to gain insights on the equation of state of nuclear matter from heavy-ion collision observations. Towards more quantitative constraints one has to carefully assess other…
High-energy nuclear collisions exhibit collective flow, which emerges as a dynamical response of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) to the initial state geometry of the collision. Collective flow in heavy-ion collisions is usually described…
We present a historical review of the physics observables developed for relativistic nuclear collisions, that describe collective hydrodynamic flow of hadronic or partonic matter, and of the corresponding experimental progress. We begin…
Collective flow, its anisotropies and its event-to-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and the extraction of the specific shear viscosity of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) from collective flow data collected in heavy-ion…
The HADES experiment provides a large acceptance combined with a high mass resolution and therefore makes it possible to study dielectron and hadron production in heavy-ion collisions with unprecedented precision. With the high statistics…
I give an overview of the latest development in understanding collective phenomena in high-multiplicity hadronic final state from relativistic nucleus-nucleus, proton-nucleus and proton-proton collisions. Upon reviewing the experimental…
Preliminary data on transverse energy `flow' and event asymmetries reported by the E877(814) collaborations are compared to ARC model calculations for Au+Au at full AGS beam energy. ARC triple differential cross-sections for protons and…
The presence of correlations between particles significantly separated in pseudorapidity in proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions has raised questions about whether collective effects are observed in small collision systems as well as…
Within the framework of the quantum molecular dynamics transport model, the collective flows of clusters and pions in heavy-ion collisions have been systematically investigated. The clusters are recognized by the Wigner phase-space density…
We review the results from the various hydrodynamical and transport models on the collective flow observables from AGS to RHIC energies. A critical discussion of the present status of the CERN experiments on hadron collective flow is given.…
In relativistic heavy ion collisions, the $p_T$ distributions of hadrons reflect the transverse motion generated during the collision and therefore the collision dynamics. The moderate $p_T$ values measured to date at $\sqrt{s} \approx $ 20…
Recent developments in the field of anisotropic flow in nuclear collision are reviewed. The results from the top AGS energy to the top RHIC energy are discussed with emphasis on techniques, interpretation, and uncertainties in the…
Fluid dynamical models preceded the first heavy ion accelerator experiments, and led to the main trend of this research since then. In recent years fluid dynamical processes became a dominant direction of research in high energy heavy ion…
A review of the main results of detailed flow analysis in highly central and semi-central heavy ion collisions at SIS energies is presented in the first part of this paper. The influence of the mass of the colliding nuclei and centrality on…
The features of net baryon productions and collective flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies reached at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) and…
By varying the intrinsic initial geometry, the p/d/$^3$He+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provide a unique opportunity to understand the collective behavior and probe the possible sub-nucleon fluctuations in…
Collective transverse flow in heavy-ion collisions at incident energies E_{lab} = (1 -160)A GeV is analyzed within the model of 3-fluid dynamics (3FD). Simulations are performed with purely hadronic equation of state (EoS). At the AGS…
This work investigates the collective motion of kaons in heavy ion reactions at SIS energies (about 1-2 GeV/nucleon). A radial collective flow of $K^+$ mesons is predicted to exist in central Au + Au collisions, which manifests in a…
The bulk motion of nuclear matter at the ultra-high temperatures created in heavy-ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider is well described in terms of nearly inviscid hydrodynamics, thereby…