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We review the production of lepton pairs during high energy nuclear collisions. We highlight the information being carried out of the hot and dense strongly interacting medium. We describe the phenomenon of scalar-vector mixing that can…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles Gale

Critical opalescence is a characteristic experimental signature of a second order phase transition in solid state physics. A new, experimentally accessible measure of opacity and of attenuation length in heavy ion reactions is suggested, as…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-02-09 T. Csorgo

I present a brief review of the existing models for particle multiplicity evaluation in heavy ion collisions which are at our disposal in the form of Monte Carlo simulators. Models are classified according to the physical mechanisms with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 N. Armesto

We discuss the status of thermal model descriptions of particle ratios in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at ultra-relativistic energy. An alternative to the ``Cleymans-Redlich'' interpretation of the freeze-out trajectory is given in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-09-08 P. Braun-Munzinger , J. Stachel

We introduce a novel set of observables associated to the rapidly developing field of persistent homology for the quantitative characterization of nuclear collisions and their evolution. Persistent homology allows for the identification of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-01-04 Greg Hamilton , Travis Dore , Christopher Plumberg

We apply the ``zone of reactions'' as a tool in studying the interacting system formed in a collision of relativistic nuclei. With the use of the intensity of collisions of particles (the number of collisions in unit volume per unit time),…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-07-28 D. Anchishkin , A. Muskeyev , S. Yezhov

Correlation functions measured as a function of $\Delta \eta, \Delta \phi$ have emerged as a powerful tool to study the dynamics of particle production in nuclear collisions at high energy. They are however subject, like any other…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-02-26 Shantam Ravan , Prabhat Pujahari , Sidharth Prasad , Claude A. Pruneau

Statistical moments of particle multiplicities in heavy-ion collision experiments are an important probe in the exploration of the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter and, particularly, in the search for the QCD critical end point.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-09-01 Maurício Hippert , Eduardo S. Fraga

We propose a novel statistical approach to the analysis of experimental data obtained in nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energies which borrows from methods developed within the context of Random Matrix Theory. It is applied to the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2009-12-31 R. G. Nazmitdinov , E. I. Shahaliev , M. K. Suleymanov , S. Tomsovic

We discuss the status of a subset of penetrating probes in relativistic nuclear collisions. Thermal photons and dileptons are considered, as well as the electromagnetic signature of jets.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Charles Gale

We consider the production of lepton pairs with intermediate invariant masses, in relativistic nuclear collisions. Thermal sources are briefly discussed, as well as a newer production mechanism which involves jet-plasma interactions.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Charles Gale , Simon Turbide

A method for integrating the chemical equations associated with nuclear combustion at high temperature is presented and extensively checked. Following the idea of E. M\"uller, the feedback between nuclear rates and temperature was taken…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ruben M. Cabezon Gomez , Domingo Garcia-Senz , Eduardo Bravo

We investigate the two-neutron transfer modes induced by (t,p) reactions in neutron-rich oxygen isotopes. The nuclear response to the pair transfer is calculated in the framework of continuum-Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Khan , N. Sandulescu , Nguyen Van Giai , M. Grasso

The dynamics and thermodynamics of phase transition in hot nuclei are studied through experimental results on multifragmentation of heavy systems (A$geq$200) formed in central heavy ion collisions. Different signals indicative of a phase…

The dynamics of phase transitions plays a crucial r\^ole in the so-called interface between high energy particle physics and cosmology. Many of the interesting results generated during the last fifteen years or so rely on simplified…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Marcelo Gleiser

An overview of the latest theoretical developments and results on electromagnetic and weak probes in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is presented. The possibilities to use electromagnetic probes, i.e., photons and dileptons, as a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-03 Ralf-Arno Tripolt

Recent important progress on the knowledge of multifragmentation and phase transition for hot nuclei, thanks to the high detection quality of the INDRA array, is reported. It concerns i) the radial collective energies involved in hot…

Nuclei undergo a phase transition in nuclear reactions according to a caloric curve determined by the amount of entropy. Here, the generation of entropy is studied in relation to the size of the nuclear system.

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-11-09 A. Barrañón , J. A. López

The dynamics and thermodynamics of phase transition in hot nuclei are studied through experimental results on multifragmentation of heavy systems (A>200) formed in central heavy ion collisions. Different signals indicative of a phase…

The process of fusion of complex nuclei is of significant interest as an example of the collective nuclear motion of large amplitude as well as a route for synthesis of new superheavy chemical elements. This process is accompanied by the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-05-23 I. I. Gontchar , M. V. Chushnyakova