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We numerically study finite-dimensional spin glasses at low and zero temperature, finding evidences for (i) strong time/space heterogeneities, (ii) spontaneous time scale separation and (iii) power law distributions of flipping times. Using…

This lecture concerns the properties of strongly interacting matter (which is described by Quantum Chromodynamics) at very high energy density. I review the properties of matter at high temperature, discussing the deconfinement phase…

Despite the progress made in understanding the NN interactions at long distances based on effective field theories, the understanding of the dynamics of short range NN interactions remains as elusive as ever. One of the most fascinating…

Cosmic strings are linear topological defects which are hypothesized to be produced during inflation. Most searches for strings have been relying on the string's lensing of background galaxies or CMB. In this paper I obtained the solution…

Besides the dynamical slowing down signaled by an enormous increase of the viscosity approaching the glass transition, structural glasses show interesting anomalous thermodynamic features at low temperatures that hint at peculiar deviations…

The Hagedorn transition in non-commutative open string theory (NCOS) is relatively simple because gravity decouples. For NCOS theories in no more than five spacetime dimensions, the Hagedorn transition is second order, and the high…

Thermodynamics of a heavy quark-antiquark pair in SU(3)-QCD is studied both below and above the deconfinement critical temperature $T_c$. In the quenched case, a model of the string passing through heavy valence gluons yields a correct…

The similarity in atomic structure between liquids and glasses has stimulated a long-standing hypothesis that the nature of glasses may be more fluid like, rather than an apparent solid. In principle, the nature of glasses can be…

Point particles fall freely along geodesics; strings do not. In string theory all probes of spacetime structure, including photons, are extended objects and therefore always subject to tidal forces. We illustrate how string theory modifies…

Quick chemical equilibration times of hadrons within a hadron gas are explained dynamically using Hagedorn states, which drive particles into equilibrium close to the critical temperature. Within this scheme master equations are employed…

We calculate the spatial string tension in (2+1) flavor QCD with physical strange quark mass and almost physical light quark masses using lattices with temporal extent N_tau=4,6 and 8. We compare our results on the spatial string tension…

In molecular dynamics simulations of soft glass-formers interacting via repulsions, we find that the glass transition temperature, dynamical heterogeneity, and glass fragility reach their maxima at the same crossover pressure $P_d$. Our…

The relationship between spatially heterogeneous dynamics (SHD) and jamming is studied in a glass-forming binary Lennard-Jones system via molecular dynamics simulations. It has been suggested that the probability distribution of…

We consider thermal QCD in the large N_C limit, mainly in 1+1 dimensions. The gauge coupling is only taken into account to minimal order, by projection onto colour singlets. An expression for the free energy, exact as N_C goes to infinity,…

The finite temperature physics of the gas of elastic quantum strings as introduced in J. Zaanen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 753 is investigated. This model is inspired on the stripes in the high Tc superconductors. We analyze in detail how the…

A system is glassy when the observation time is much smaller than the equilibration time. A unifying thermodynamic picture of the glassy state is presented. Slow configurational modes are in quasi-equilibrium at an effective temperature. It…

We discuss the thermal properties of string gases propagating in various D-brane backgrounds in the weak-coupling limit, and at temperatures close to the Hagedorn temperature. We determine, in the canonical ensemble, whether the Hagedorn…

We show that hadrons in QCD follow a spectrum determined by string dynamics characterized by a universal Hagedorn temperature linked to the string tension. While this behavior was recently established for light hadrons and glueballs, we…

The dynamics of many glassy systems are known to exhibit string-like hopping motions each consisting of a line of particles displacing one and other. By using molecular dynamics simulations of glassy polymers, we show that these motions…

In amorphous materials, groups of particles can rearrange locally into a new stable configuration. Such elementary excitations are key as they determine the response to external stresses, as well as to thermal and quantum fluctuations. Yet,…