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Related papers: Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions within 3-Fluid H…

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Fluid dynamical calculations with QGP showed a softening of the directed flow while with hadronic matter this effect is absent. On the other hand, we indicated that a third flow component shows up in the reaction plane as an enhanced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 L. P. Csernai , A. Anderlik , Cs. Anderlik , V. K. Magas , E. Molnar , A. Nyiri , D. Roehrich , K. Tamosiunas

Flow signatures in experimental data from relativistic ion collisions are usually interpreted as a fingerprint of the presence of a hydrodynamic phase during the evolution of these systems. In this work, flow signatures arising from…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-10-28 Paul Romatschke

Using a hybrid (viscous hydrodynamics + hadronic cascade) framework, we model the bulk dynamical evolution of relativistic heavy-ion collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) Beam Energy Scan (BES) collision energies, including…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-03-14 Chun Shen , Gabriel Denicol , Charles Gale , Sangyong Jeon , Akihiko Monnai , Bjoern Schenke

In this article, we briefly review recent progress on hydrodynamic modeling and its implementations to relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC. The related topics include: 1) initial state fluctuations, final state…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-01-03 Huichao Song

Analysis of elliptic flow of protons and antiprotons in Au+Au collisions is performed in a wide range of incident energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7--62.4 GeV. Simulations has been done within the three-fluid model employing a purely hadronic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 Yu. B. Ivanov

We consider a physical scenario for ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions where, at the early stage, only transverse degrees of freedom of partons are thermalized, while the longitudinal motion is described by free streaming. When the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2014-11-20 W. Florkowski , R. Ryblewski

The stopping of baryons in heavy ion collisions at beam momenta of $p_{\rm lab} = 20-160A$ GeV is lacking a quantitative description within theoretical calculations. Heavy ion reactions at these energies are experimentally explored at the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-03-10 Justin Mohs , Sangwook Ryu , Hannah Elfner

In order to investigate the importance of pre-equilibrium dynamics on relativistic heavy-ion collision observables, we match a highly non-equilibrium early evolution stage, modeled by free-streaming partons generated from the Monte Carlo…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-04-10 Jia Liu , Chun Shen , Ulrich W. Heinz

Global evolution of the matter in relativistic collisions of heavy nuclei and the resulting global freeze-out parameters are analyzed in a wide range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $\le \sqrt{s_{NN}}\le$ 39 GeV. The analysis is performed…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-16 Yu. B. Ivanov

In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, a nearly perfect fluid is formed, known as the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (QGP). After a short thermalization period, the evolution of this medium can be described by the equations of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-10 Gábor László Kasza

Relativistic heavy-ion collisions suggest that low momentum regions of the observed particle spectra are thermal and hydrodynamic, while medium-high momentum regions are non-thermal and perturbative. In this study, I construct a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-08-09 Akihiko Monnai

A 1+1 dimensional hydrodynamical model in the light-cone coordinates is used to describe central heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic bombarding energies. Deviations from Bjorken's scaling are taken into account by choosing finite-size…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 L. M. Satarov , I. N. Mishustin , A. V. Merdeev , H. Stoecker

We are analyzing the hydrodynamics of 200 A GeV S+S collisions using a new approach which tries to quantify the uncertainties arising from the specific implementation of the hydrodynamical model. Based on a previous phenomenological…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Ekkard Schnedermann , Ulrich Heinz

Relativistic heavy ion collisions have reached energies that enable the creation of a novel state of matter termed the quark-gluon plasma. Many observables point to a picture of the medium as rapidly equilibrating and expanding as a nearly…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 James L. Nagle , Ian G. Bearden , William A. Zajc

Elliptic flow in heavy-ion collisions at incident energies $E_{lab}\simeq$ (1--160)A GeV is analyzed within the model of 3-fluid dynamics (3FD). We show that a simple correction factor, taking into account dissipative affects, allows us to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-12-30 Yu. B. Ivanov , I. N. Mishustin , V. N. Russkikh , L. M. Satarov

We investigate the effects of pre-hydrodynamic evolution on final-state observables in heavy-ion collisions using state-of-the art event simulations coupled to different pre-hydrodynamic scenarios, which include the recently-developed…

Predictions of the proton directed flow ($v_1$) in semicentral Au+Au collisions in the energy range between 4.5 and 7.7 GeV are done. The calculations are performed within the model of three-fluid dynamics with crossover equation of state,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-02-27 Yuri B. Ivanov

The fluidity of the hot and dense QCD matter is a key characteristic of the medium created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We extend the framework of the relativistic hydrodynamic model to incorporate non-thermal momentum distributions…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-22 Akihiko Monnai

The collective flow provides valuable insights into the anisotropic expansion of particles produced in heavy-ion collisions and is sensitive to the equation of the state of nuclear matter in high-baryon-density regions. In this paper, we…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-01-24 Shaowei Lan , Zuowen Liu , Like Liu , Shusu Shi

Using a (3+1)-dimensional hybrid framework with parametric initial conditions, we study the rapidity-dependent directed flow $v_1(y)$ of identified particles, including pions, kaons, protons, and lambdas in heavy-ion collisions. Cases…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-05-09 Lipei Du , Chun Shen , Sangyong Jeon , Charles Gale