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There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, $G_E^p$, extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-06-23 D. Adikaram , D. Rimal , L. B. Weinstein , B. Raue , P. Khetarpal , R. P. Bennett , J. Arrington , W. K. Brooks , K. P. Adhikari , A. V. Afanasev , M. J. Amaryan , M. D. Anderson , J. Ball , M. Battaglieri , I. Bedlinskiy , A. S. Biselli , J. Bono , S. Boiarinov , W. J. Briscoe , V. D. Burkert , D. S. Carman , A. Celentano , S. Chandavar , G. Charles , L. Colaneri , P. L. Cole , M. Contalbrigo , A. D'Angelo , N. Dashyan , R. De Vita , E. De Sanctis , A. Deur , C. Djalali , G. E. Dodge , R. Dupre , H. Egiyan , A. El Alaoui , L. El Fassi , P. Eugenio , G. Fedotov , S. Fegan , A. Filippi , J. A. Fleming , A. Fradi , G. P. Gilfoyle , K. L. Giovanetti , F. X. Girod , J. T. Goetz , W. Gohn , E. Golovatch , R. W. Gothe , K. A. Griffioen , M. Guidal , L. Guo , K. Hafidi , H. Hakobyan , N. Harrison , M. Hattawy , K. Hicks , M. Holtrop , S. M. Hughes , C. E. Hyde , Y. Ilieva , D. G. Ireland , B. S. Ishkhanov , D. Jenkins , H. Jiang , K. Joo , S. Joosten , M. Khandaker , W. Kim , A. Klein , F. J. Klein , S. Koirala , V. Kubarovsky , S. E. Kuhn , H. Y. Lu , I . J . D. MacGregor , N. Markov , M. Mayer , B. McKinnon , M. D. Mestayer , C. A. Meyer , M. Mirazita , V. Mokeev , R. A. Montgomery , C. I. Moody , H. Moutarde , A Movsisyan , C. Munoz Camacho , P. Nadel-Turonski , S. Niccolai , G. Niculescu , M. Osipenko , A. I. Ostrovidov , K. Park , E. Pasyuk , S. Pisano , O. Pogorelko , S. Procureur , Y. Prok , D. Protopopescu , A. J. R. Puckett , M. Ripani , A. Rizzo , G. Rosner , P. Rossi , F. Sabatié , D. Schott , R. A. Schumacher , Y. G. Sharabian , A. Simonyan , I. Skorodumina , E. S. Smith , G. D. Smith , D. I. Sober , N. Sparveris , S. Stepanyan , S. Strauch , V. Sytnik , M. Taiuti , Ye Tian , A. Trivedi , M. Ungaro , H. Voskanyan , E. Voutier , N. K. Walford , D. P. Watts , X. Wei , M. H. Wood , N. Zachariou , L. Zana , J. Zhang , Z. W. Zhao , I. Zonta , The CLAS Collaboration

One of the most surprising discoveries made at Jefferson Lab has been the discrepancy in the determinations of the proton's form factor ratio $\mu_p G_E^p/G_M^p$ between unpolarized cross section measurements and the polarization transfer…

We investigate the effect of two-photon exchange processes upon the rms- and Zemach radii extracted from electron-proton scattering. We find that the changes are small and do not help to explain the discrepancy between experimental and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Peter G. Blunden , Ingo Sick

The parity-conserving single-spin beam asymmetry of elastic electron-proton scattering is induced by an absorptive part of the two-photon exchange amplitude. We demonstrate that this asymmetry has logarithmic and double-logarithmic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 Andrei Afanasev , N. P. Merenkov

We calculate $\gamma Z$ exchange corrections to the parity-violating asymmetry of the elastic electron-proton scattering in a parton model using the formalism of generalized parton distributions(GPDs). We also examine the validity of the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-09-30 Yu Chun Chen , Chung Wen Kao , Marc Vanderhaeghen

The aim of this work is to investigate the simultaneous influence of two-photon effects in quantum electrodynamics (QED) and logarithmic corrections in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) on certain observable experimental quantities (structure…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-31 Ya. D. Krivenko-Emetov , O. S. Shevchuk

We present calculations of the two-pion-exchange contribution to proton-proton scattering at 90 degrees using form factors appropriate for representing the distribution of the constituent partons of the nucleon. Talk given at MENU2001,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 W. R. Gibbs , Benoit Loiseau

A statistical analysis of the elastic unpolarized electron proton scattering data shows that, at large momentum transfer, the size and the $\epsilon$ dependence of the radiative corrections, as traditionally calculated and applied, may…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson

We predict the differential cross sections for $e^-p$ and $e^+p$ elastic scattering in the PRad-\Rom{2} energy region. The prediction is based on form factors obtained in our previous high-precision analysis of space- and time-like data…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-03-01 Yong-Hui Lin , Hans-Werner Hammer , Ulf-G. Meißner

The two-photon production of photon pairs, i.e. the $\gamma\gamma\to\gamma\gamma$ process, is studied. Different production modes regarding the elastic or inelastic coupling of the intermediate-state photons to the protons are considered.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-08 Rafał Staszewski , Janusz J. Chwastowski

In this study, we calculate the $\gamma Z$-exchange contribution to elastic $ep$ scattering at large momentum transfer within perturbative QCD. We present analytical expressions for the $\gamma Z$-exchange contributions to the amplitudes.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-24 Qian-Qian Guo , Hui-Yun Cao , Hai-Qing Zhou

The ratio of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors, $G_{Ep}/G_{Mp}$, was obtained by measuring $P_{t}$ and $P_{\ell}$, the transverse and longitudinal recoil proton polarization components, respectively, for the elastic $\vec e p…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2014-11-18 V. Punjabi , C. F. Perdrisat

We report results on the $\pi$-$\gamma$ transition form factor obtained within the hard scattering approach including transverse momentum effects and Sudakov corrections. The results clearly favor distribution amplitudes close to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-25 R. Jakob , P. Kroll , M. Raulfs

We have studied the reaction $ep \to ep \gamma$ in the kinematics corresponding to electron scattering at small angles and photon scattering at large angles, where proton bremsstrahlung dominates. The analysis is based on the direct…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. V. Galynsky , M. I. Levchuk

The effect of "anomalous" scattering of neutrons and electrons from protons in the electron-volt energy-transfer range is considered, and related experimental results are mentioned. A recent independent confirmation of this effect with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Aris Chatzidimitriou-Dreismann

We study the electromagnetic contribution to elastic neutrino-proton and neutrino-neutron scattering processes. The neutrino electromagnetic charge, magnetic, electric, and anapole form factors of both diagonal and transition types in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-02-13 Konstantin Kouzakov , Fedor Lazarev , Alexander Studenikin

Two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions to elastic electron-proton scattering in the forward regime are considered. The imaginary part of TPE amplitude in these kinematics is related to the DIS nucleon structure functions. The real part of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Mikhail Gorchtein

The ratio of electric to magnetic proton form factors G_E/G_M as measured in polarization transfer experiments shows a characteristic linear decrease with increasing momentum transfer Q^2. We present a simple argument how such a decrease…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-02-13 Gottfried Holzwarth

We present an improved evaluation of the two-photon exchange correction to the unpolarized lepton-proton elastic scattering process at very low-energies relevant to the MUSE experiment, where only the dominant intermediate elastic proton is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-02 Rakshanda Goswami , Pulak Talukdar , Bhoomika Das , Udit Raha , Fred Myhrer

The eta_c-gamma transition form factor is calculated in a model based on a modified hard scattering approach to exclusive reactions, in which transverse degrees of freedom are taken into account. For the eta_c-meson a distribution amplitude…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-02-03 T. Feldmann , P. Kroll