Related papers: Towards the 3D-Imaging of Sources
Sources of high-energy cosmic rays are presently unknown, but can be constrained in various ways. Some of these constraints can be graphically presented on the so-called Hillas diagram. Previous versions of this diagram determined the range…
Spatially extended emission regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) respond to continuum variations, if such emission regions are powered by energy reprocessing of the continuum. The response from different parts of the reverberating region…
An algorithm for determining crystal structures from diffraction data is described which does not rely on the usual Fourier-space formulations of atomicity. The new algorithm implements atomicity constraints in real-space, as well as…
Collisions of atomic nuclei at relativistic velocities allow to recreate the conditions encountered in neutron stars or in the early universe micro-seconds after the Big Bang. These reactions are performed in today's largest accelerator…
Spatially incoherent light sources, such as spontaneously emitting atoms, naively require Maxwell's equations to be solved many times to obtain the total emission, which becomes computationally intractable in conjunction with large-scale…
We aim to recover the geometry of 3D parametric scenes using very few depth measurements from low-cost, commercially available time-of-flight sensors. These sensors offer very low spatial resolution (i.e., a single pixel), but image a wide…
We report on random errors in kinetic temperature measurements due to finite spatial resolution in particle tracking velocimetry. Using simulated data, we isolate the error caused by finite spatial resolution from other sources of…
Dynamic density-matrix renormalization provides valuable numerical information on dynamic correlations by computing convolutions of the corresponding spectral densities. Here we discuss and illustrate how and to which extent such data can…
Atomic-scale characterization of spin textures in solids is essential for understanding and tuning properties of magnetic materials and devices. While high-energy electrons are employed for atomic-scale imaging of materials, they are…
Properties of reaction zones resulting from A+B -> C type reaction-diffusion processes are investigated by analytical and numerical methods. The reagents A and B are separated initially and, in addition, there is an initial macroscopic…
Phase retrieval is at the heart of adaptive optics and modern high-resolution imaging. Without phase information, optical systems are limited to intensity-only measurements, hindering full reconstruction of object structures and wavefront…
The space-averaged phase-space density and entropy per particle are both fundamental observables which can be extracted from the two-particle correlation functions measured in heavy-ion collisions. Two techniques have been proposed to…
A novel imaging principle based on the interaction of electromagnetic waves with a beam of relativistic electrons is proposed. Wave-particle interaction is assumed to take place in a small spatial domain, so that each electron is only…
Deep learning has demonstrated superb efficacy in processing imaging data, yet its suitability in solving challenging inverse problems in scientific imaging has not been fully explored. Of immense interest is the determination of local…
We propose a variational approach to obtain super-resolution images from multiple low-resolution frames extracted from video clips. First the displacement between the low-resolution frames and the reference frame are computed by an optical…
In this perspective article, we discuss the challenges of imaging assemblies of particles in three dimensions. Starting from a brief motivation for the investigation of particulate materials, we provide an overview of experimental…
This paper outlines the many ways that the initial beam can be made for particle accelerators. Brief introductions to plasma physics and beam formation are given. Thermionic and photo emission electron guns, with both DC and Radio Frequency…
Infinite nuclear matter is studied by resuming the series of ladder diagrams based on the results developed by us in Ann. Phys. 437, 168741 (2022). The master formula for the energy density is explicitly solved for the case of contact…
An important ingredient for applications of nuclear physics to e.g. astrophysics or nuclear energy are the cross sections for reactions of neutrons with rare isotopes. Since direct measurements are often not possible, indirect methods like…
This paper introduces two key contributions aimed at improving the speed and quality of images generated through inverse diffusion processes. The first contribution involves reparameterizing the diffusion process in terms of the angle on a…