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The PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has collected a large dataset of Au+Au, Cu+Cu, d+Au and p+p collisions in the center of mass energy range spanning from 19 GeV/nucleon to 200 GeV/nucleon. The almost full…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Krzysztof Wozniak

Large density fluctuations of charged particles are the promising signatures for exploring the QCD phase transition and critical point in heavy ion collisions. These fluctuations are expected to exhibit fractal and scale invariant…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2026-05-26 Fakhar Ul Haider , Ramni Gupta , Salman Khurshid Malik , Balwan Singh , Zarina Banoo

We study the beam-energy and system-size dependence of \phi meson production (using the hadronic decay mode \phi -- K+K-) by comparing the new results from Cu+Cu collisions and previously reported Au+Au collisions at \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 and…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2012-08-27 STAR Collaboration

Multiplicity and pseudorapidity ($\eta$) density ($dN_{\rm ch}/d\eta$) distributions of charged hadrons provide key information towards understanding the particle production mechanisms and initial conditions of high-energy heavy-ion…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2020-11-16 Sumit Basu , Sanchari Thakur , Tapan K. Nayak , Claude A. Pruneau

The PHENIX experiment reports systematic measurements at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider of $\phi$-meson production in asymmetric Cu$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=200 GeV and in U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$=193 GeV.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-01-16 N. J. Abdulameer , U. Acharya , C. Aidala , N. N. Ajitanand , Y. Akiba , R. Akimoto , J. Alexander , M. Alfred , M. Alibordi , K. Aoki , N. Apadula , H. Asano , E. T. Atomssa , T. C. Awes , B. Azmoun , V. Babintsev , M. Bai , X. Bai , B. Bannier , K. N. Barish , S. Bathe , V. Baublis , C. Baumann , S. Baumgart , A. Bazilevsky , M. Beaumier , R. Belmont , A. Berdnikov , Y. Berdnikov , L. Bichon , D. Black , B. Blankenship , D. S. Blau , J. S. Bok , V. Borisov , K. Boyle , M. L. Brooks , J. Bryslawskyj , H. Buesching , V. Bumazhnov , S. Butsyk , S. Campbell , V. Canoa Roman , C. -H. Chen , M. Chiu , C. Y. Chi , I. J. Choi , J. B. Choi , S. Choi , P. Christiansen , T. Chujo , V. Cianciolo , B. A. Cole , M. Connors , R. Corliss , Y. Corrales Morales , N. Cronin , N. Crossette , M. Csanád , T. Csörgő , L. D'Orazio , A. Datta , M. S. Daugherity , G. David , C. T. Dean , K. Dehmelt , A. Denisov , A. Deshpande , E. J. Desmond , L. Ding , V. Doomra , J. H. Do , O. Drapier , A. Drees , K. A. Drees , J. M. Durham , A. Durum , T. Engelmore , A. Enokizono , R. Esha , K. O. Eyser , B. Fadem , W. Fan , D. E. Fields , M. Finger, , M. Finger , D. Firak , D. Fitzgerald , F. Fleuret , S. L. Fokin , J. E. Frantz , A. Franz , A. D. Frawley , Y. Fukao , T. Fusayasu , K. Gainey , C. Gal , P. Garg , A. Garishvili , I. Garishvili , M. Giles , F. Giordano , A. Glenn , X. Gong , M. Gonin , Y. Goto , R. Granier de Cassagnac , N. Grau , S. V. Greene , M. Grosse Perdekamp , T. Gunji , H. Guragain , Y. Gu , T. Hachiya , J. S. Haggerty , K. I. Hahn , H. Hamagaki , J. Hanks , M. Harvey , S. Hasegawa , K. Hashimoto , R. Hayano , T. K. Hemmick , T. Hester , X. He , J. C. Hill , A. Hodges , R. S. Hollis , K. Homma , B. Hong , T. Hoshino , J. Huang , T. Ichihara , Y. Ikeda , K. Imai , Y. Imazu , M. Inaba , A. Iordanova , D. Isenhower , A. Isinhue , D. Ivanishchev , B. V. Jacak , S. J. Jeon , M. Jezghani , X. Jiang , Z. Ji , B. M. Johnson , K. S. Joo , D. Jouan , D. S. Jumper , J. Kamin , S. Kanda , B. H. Kang , J. H. Kang , J. S. Kang , J. Kapustinsky , D. Kawall , A. V. Kazantsev , J. A. Key , V. Khachatryan , P. K. Khandai , A. Khanzadeev , A. Khatiwada , K. M. Kijima , C. Kim , D. J. Kim , E. -J. Kim , T. Kim , Y. -J. Kim , Y. K. Kim , D. Kincses , A. Kingan , E. Kistenev , J. Klatsky , D. Kleinjan , P. Kline , T. Koblesky , M. Kofarago , B. Komkov , J. Koster , D. Kotchetkov , D. Kotov , L. Kovacs , F. Krizek , B. Kurgyis , K. Kurita , M. Kurosawa , Y. Kwon , Y. S. Lai , J. G. Lajoie , D. Larionova , A. Lebedev , D. M. Lee , G. H. Lee , J. Lee , K. B. Lee , K. S. Lee , S. H. Lee , M. J. Leitch , M. Leitgab , B. Lewis , N. A. Lewis , S. H. Lim , M. X. Liu , X. Li , X. Li , D. A. Loomis , D. Lynch , S. Lökös , C. F. Maguire , T. Majoros , Y. I. Makdisi , M. Makek , A. Manion , V. I. Manko , E. Mannel , M. McCumber , P. L. McGaughey , D. McGlinchey , C. McKinney , A. Meles , M. Mendoza , B. Meredith , Y. Miake , T. Mibe , A. C. Mignerey , A. Milov , D. K. Mishra , J. T. Mitchell , M. Mitrankova , Iu. Mitrankov , S. Miyasaka , S. Mizuno , A. K. Mohanty , S. Mohapatra , M. M. Mondal , T. Moon , D. P. Morrison , M. Moskowitz , T. V. Moukhanova , B. Mulilo , T. Murakami , J. Murata , A. Mwai , T. Nagae , S. Nagamiya , J. L. Nagle , M. I. Nagy , I. Nakagawa , Y. Nakamiya , K. R. Nakamura , T. Nakamura , K. Nakano , C. Nattrass , S. Nelson , P. K. Netrakanti , M. Nihashi , T. Niida , R. Nouicer , N. Novitzky , T. Novák , G. Nukazuka , A. S. Nyanin , E. O'Brien , C. A. Ogilvie , J. Oh , H. Oide , K. Okada , M. Orosz , J. D. Osborn , A. Oskarsson , K. Ozawa , R. Pak , V. Pantuev , V. Papavassiliou , I. H. Park , J. S. Park , S. Park , S. K. Park , L. Patel , M. Patel , S. F. Pate , J. -C. Peng , W. Peng , D. V. Perepelitsa , G. D. N. Perera , D. Yu. Peressounko , C. E. PerezLara , J. Perry , R. Petti , C. Pinkenburg , R. P. Pisani , M. Potekhin , A. Pun , M. L. Purschke , H. Qu , P. V. Radzevich , J. Rak , N. Ramasubramanian , I. Ravinovich , K. F. Read , D. Reynolds , V. Riabov , Y. Riabov , E. Richardson , D. Richford , N. Riveli , D. Roach , S. D. Rolnick , M. Rosati , J. Runchey , M. S. Ryu , B. Sahlmueller , N. Saito , T. Sakaguchi , H. Sako , V. Samsonov , M. Sarsour , S. Sato , S. Sawada , K. Sedgwick , J. Seele , R. Seidl , Y. Sekiguchi , A. Sen , R. Seto , P. Sett , D. Sharma , A. Shaver , I. Shein , Z. Shi , M. Shibata , T. -A. Shibata , K. Shigaki , M. Shimomura , K. Shoji , P. Shukla , A. Sickles , C. L. Silva , D. Silvermyr , B. K. Singh , C. P. Singh , V. Singh , M. Skolnik , M. Slunečka , K. L. Smith , S. Solano , R. A. Soltz , W. E. Sondheim , S. P. Sorensen , I. V. Sourikova , P. W. Stankus , P. Steinberg , E. Stenlund , M. Stepanov , A. Ster , S. P. Stoll , M. R. Stone , T. Sugitate , A. Sukhanov , J. Sun , Z. Sun , R. Takahama , A. Takahara , A. Taketani , Y. Tanaka , K. Tanida , M. J. Tannenbaum , S. Tarafdar , A. Taranenko , E. Tennant , A. Timilsina , T. Todoroki , M. Tomášek , H. Torii , R. S. Towell , I. Tserruya , Y. Ueda , B. Ujvari , H. W. van Hecke , M. Vargyas , E. Vazquez-Zambrano , A. Veicht , J. Velkovska , M. Virius , V. Vrba , E. Vznuzdaev , R. Vértesi , X. R. Wang , Z. Wang , D. Watanabe , K. Watanabe , Y. Watanabe , Y. S. Watanabe , F. Wei , S. Whitaker , S. Wolin , C. P. Wong , C. L. Woody , M. Wysocki , B. Xia , Y. L. Yamaguchi , A. Yanovich , S. Yokkaichi , I. Yoon , I. Younus , Z. You , I. E. Yushmanov , W. A. Zajc , A. Zelenski , S. Zhou , L. Zou

The dependence of the multiplicity and the transverse momentum distribution on the number of collisions are studied for central and peripheral Au-Au collisions at SPS, RHIC and LHC energies in the framework of percolation of strings. A…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 M. A. Braun , F. del Moral , C. Pajares

Hadronic resonances are unique tools to investigate the interplay of re-scattering and regeneration effects in the hadronic phase of heavy-ion collisions. As the $\phi$ meson has a longer lifetime compared to other resonances, it is…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-07-02 Sushanta Tripathy

PACIAE, a parton and hadron cascade model, is utilized to systematically investigate strange particle production and strangeness enhancement in Au+Au collision and in Pb+Pb collision with the 200GeV at RHIC and 2.76TeV at LHC, respectively.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-16 Xiao-Wen Ren , Sheng-Qin Feng , Xian-Bao Yuan

The multiplicity dependence of charmed-particle production can unveil new information on processes taking part at the parton level and on the interplay of soft and hard production mechanisms in collisions of relativistic hadrons. In this…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2017-11-21 Jana Crkovská

In this work we explore the possibility to perform ``effective energy'' studies in very high energy collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In particular, we focus on the possibility to measure in $pp$ collisions the average…

The PHENIX experiment at RHIC has measured the \phi-meson production at mid-rapidity in p+p, d+Au, Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at \sqrt{s_{NN}}=200 GeV via the K^+K^- decay mode. The transverse momentum spectra of the \phi-meson and the…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-13 Maxim Naglis

The parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE 2.1 (cf. Comput. Phys. Commun.184 (2013) 1476) has been upgraded to the new issue of PACIAE 2.2. By this new issue the lepton-nucleon and lepton-nucleus (inclusive) deep inelastic scatterings can…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-05-04 Dai-Mei Zhou , Yu-Liang Yan , Xing-Long Li , Xiao-Mei Li , Bao-Guo Dong , Xu Cai , Ben-Hao Sa

We present measurements of the pseudorapidity distribution of primary charged particles produced in Au+Au collisions at three energies, sqrt(s_{NN}) = 19.6, 130, and 200 GeV, for a range of collision centralities. The centrality dependence…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2010-01-11 B. B. Back

We investigate the centrality-dependent validity of the limiting-fragmentation hypothesis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at energies reached at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-02-03 B. Kellers , G. Wolschin

Over the past five years, PHOBOS has collected data on proton-proton, deuteron-gold, Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions, covering a wide range of collision energy, collision centrality and system size. Using these data, we have identified scaling…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 G. Roland

Multiparticle production at high energies is described in terms of color strings stretched between the projectile and target. As the string density increases, overlap in the transverse plane leads to cluster formation. At some critical…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 Terence Tarnowsky , Rolf Scharenberg , Brijesh Srivastava

The PHOBOS experiment at RHIC has measured the multiplicity of primary charged particles as a function of centrality and pseudorapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 19.6, 130 and 200 GeV. Two kinds of universal behavior are observed…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2010-01-11 Peter Steinberg , PHOBOS Collaboration

First results from RHIC on charged multiplicities, evolution of multiplicities with centrality, particle ratios and transverse momentum distributions in central and minimum bias collisions, are analyzed in a string model which includes hard…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 N. Armesto , C. Pajares , D. Sousa

We study the elliptic flow systematically from SIS to RHIC energies in a realistic dynamical cascade model. We compile our results with the recent data from STAR and PHOBOS experiments on elliptic flow of charged particles in Au + Au…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 P. K. Sahu , N. Otuka , A. Ohnishi

We simulate the dynamics of Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with a hybrid model that treats the quark-gluon plasma macroscopically as an ideal fluid, but models the hadron resonance gas microscopically using a…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Hirano , U. W. Heinz , D. Kharzeev , R. Lacey , Y. Nara