Related papers: Heavy Quark Dynamics in Heavy Ion Reactions
We give a pedagogical introduction (suitable to upper level physics undergraduates) to the field of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. We pay particular attention to our understanding of the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties of…
The status of the physics of heavy ion collisions is reviewed based on measurements over the past 6 years from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The dense nuclear matter produced in Au+Au…
Collisions of heavy nuclei at very high energies offer the exciting possibility of experimentally exploring the phase transformation from hadronic to partonic degrees of freedom which is predicted to occur at several times normal nuclear…
We study the charm quark elliptic flow ($v_{2}$) in heavy ion as well as small system collisions by tracking the evolution history of quarks of different flavors within a multi-phase transport model. The charm quark $v_{2}$ is studied as a…
I argue that perturbative scattering of quarks and gluons are incompatible with lattice and heavy ion data on QGP properties. The non-perturbative mechanisms for quasiparticle rescattering and quark production are briefly discussed, as well…
Hydrodynamics is applied to describe the dynamics of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The focus of the present study is the influence of a possible (phase) transition to the quark-gluon plasma in the nuclear matter equation of state on…
We study the propagation of charm quarks, produced from the initial fusion of partons, in an equilibrating quark-gluon plasma which may be formed in the wake of relativistic collisions of gold nuclei. Initial conditions are taken from a…
Substantial collective flow is observed in collisions between large nuclei at RHIC (Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider) as evidenced by single-particle transverse momentum distributions and by azimuthal correlations among the produced…
The cross section for the \J~and \U~interaction with light hadrons is calculated in short-distance QCD, based on the large heavy quark mass and the resulting large energy gap to open charm or beauty. The low energy form of the cross section…
The heavy quark energy loss puzzle is explained by collective flow effects in a dynamic medium. The dead cone and LPM effect are found to be changed comparing to the static medium case. Instead of only one dead cone in the static medium,…
We study the production and dynamics of heavy quarks in the parton cascade model for relativistic heavy ion collisions. The model is motivated by the QCD parton picture and describes the dynamics of an ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collision…
Substantial collective flow is observed in collisions between large nuclei at high energy, as evidenced by single-particle transverse momentum distributions and by azimuthal correlations among the produced particles. The data are…
Multiple scattering, modified fragmentation functions and radiative energy loss of a heavy quark propagating in a nuclear medium are investigated in perturbative QCD. Because of the quark mass dependence of the gluon formation time, the…
The features of heavy ion collisions that suggest the relevance of collective dynamics, as opposed to mere superpositions of nucleon-nucleon or even parton-parton collisions, are reviewed. The surprise of these studies is that bulk…
At high temperatures, strongly interacting matter becomes a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons. In statistical QCD, deconfinement and the properties of the resulting quark-gluon plasma can be investigated by studying the in-medium…
Hard processes in nucleus-nucleus interactions at relativistic energies are reviewed with emphasis on recent PHENIX results from the first run of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at BNL. The observed suppression of moderately high $p_T$…
One of the many physical questions that have emerged from studies of heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC concerns the validity of hydrodynamic modelling at the very early stages, when the Quark-Gluon Plasma system produced is still far…
This is a review of the physics prospects for relativistic heavy ion collisions in the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The motivation for the study of superdense matter created in relativistic heavy ion collision is the prospect of observing a…
The diffusion coefficients of heavy quarks from the coherent color electromagnetic fields which are generated in the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions are calculated at midrapidity, and compared with those obtained from…
Heavy quarks (i.e. charm and beauty) in heavy-ion collisions are initially produced out of kinetic equilibrium via hard partonic scattering processes. However, recent measurements of anisotropic flow of charmed hadrons pose the question…