Related papers: A Complete Onium Program with R2D at RHIC II
Heavy vector mesons detected after a heavy ion collision are important sources of information about the quark gluon plasma. The fraction of such particles that survive the plasma phase and reach the detectors is related to the dissociation…
We present here a comprehensive model to describe the bottomonium suppression data obtained from the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV. We employ a quasiparticle model (QPM) equation of…
We provide an overview of the present understanding of the transition from hadrons to a quark-gluon plasma, its signatures, and the experimental results so far. We discuss results of numerical simulations of the lattice gauge theory and…
Theoretical models suggest that the Quantum Chromo-Dynamics (QCD) phase diagram has a critical point demarcating the order of transition between the two phases: the hadron gas, in which the quarks are confined and the Quark-Gluon Plasma…
It has been theorized that if heavy nuclei (e.g. Au, Pb) are collided at sufficiently high energies, we might be to recreate the conditions that existed in the universe a few microseconds after the Big Bang. The kinetic energy of the…
This is an introduction to the study of strongly interacting matter. We survey its different possible states and discuss the transition from hadronic matter to a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons. Following this, we summarize the…
Ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at the laboratory provide a unique chance to study quantum chromodynamics (QCD) under extreme temperature (${\approx}150\,\mathrm{MeV}$) and density (${\approx}1\,\mathrm{GeV}/\mathrm{fm}^3$)…
There is now a substantial body of evidence that a deconfined quark-gluon plasma is created in ultrarelativistic collisions of heavy nuclei. Some key observables which are used to gauge the production of the quark-gluon plasma are the…
We evaluate the suppression of $J/\psi$ production in an equilibrating quark gluon plasma for two competing mechanisms: Debye screening of colour interaction and dissociation due to energetic gluons. Results are obtained for $S+S$ and…
In statistical QCD, color deconfinement and the properties of the quark-gluon plasma determine the in-medium behavior of heavy quark bound states. In high energy nuclear collisions, charmonia probe the partonic medium produced in the early…
The objective of this paper is to assess the current theoretical understanding of the extensive set of quarkonium observables (for both charmonia and bottomonia) that have been attained in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions over two…
The spectroscopic properties of heavy quarkonia are substantially different in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) that is created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions as compared to the vacuum situation that can be tested in pp collisions at the…
The D-measure of net-charge fluctuations quantifies the variance of net charge in strongly interacting matter. It was introduced over 20 years ago as a potential signal of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions, where it is…
Using the two-component model that includes both initial production from nucleon-nucleon hard scattering and regeneration from produced quark-gluon plasma (QGP), we study the effect of medium modifications of the binding energies and radii…
Electron pairs or di-leptons in general are unique probes to study the hot and dense matter formed in relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. Particularly, low mass di-leptons are sensitive to chiral symmetry restoration effects and to…
We review the physics of nuclear matter at high energy density and the experimental search for the Quark-Gluon Plasma at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The data obtained in the first three years of the RHIC physics program…
An overview of the latest results on the hard probes from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC is given. The results on the measurements of high $p_{T}$ hadrons, hadron-hadron correlations, open heavy flavor and quarkonia, and direct photons from…
The charmonium yields are expected to be considerably suppressed if a deconfined medium is formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. In addition, the bottomonium states, with the possible exception of the Upsilon(1S) state, are also…
I retrace the developments from Hagedorn's concept of a limiting temperature for hadronic matter to the discovery and characterization of the quark-gluon plasma as a new state of matter. My recollections begin with the transformation more…
After 15 years of heavy-ion collision experiments at the AGS and SPS, the recent turn-on of RHIC has initiated a new stage of quark-gluon plasma studies. I review the evidence for deconfined quark-gluon matter at SPS energies and the recent…