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A sample of 2.2 million hadronic Z decays, selected from the data recorded by the Delphi detector at LEP during 1994-1995 was used for an improved measurement of inclusive distributions of pi+, K+ and p and their antiparticles in gluon and…
The enhancement of the ratio of strange to non-strange hadrons with increasing charged-particle multiplicity density is often interpreted as a signature of the medium formed in heavy-ion collisions. However, this effect has also been…
Recent RHIC data have suggested an interesting scenario where jets, after being formed in the very first instants of the nuclear collision, interact strongly and are absorbed by the hot and dense matter subsequently created. In this…
I will review RHIC data with respect to the intriguing possibility that the hadron production mechanism in the produced partonic medium might be different than in vacuum. I will use the measurements of collective features, such as flow and…
Measurements at low transverse momentum will be performed at the LHC for studying particle production mechanisms in $pp$ and heavy-ion collisions. Some of the experimental capabilities for bulk matter physics are presented, focusing on…
The large and saturating differential elliptic flow v2(pT) observed in Au+Au reactions at RHIC so far could only be explained assuming an order of magnitude denser initial parton system than estimated from perturbative QCD. Hadronization…
Two-particle momentum correlations between pairs of identical particles produced in relativistic heavy-ion reactions can be analyzed to extract the space-time structure of the collision fireball. We review recent progress in the application…
The RHIC Beam Energy Scan focuses on the study of the QCD phase diagram --- temperature ($T$) vs. baryon chemical potential ($\mu_B$). The aim is to verify some predictions from QCD: that a cross-over occurs at $\mu_B$ = 0, that there…
The elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions at RHIC is studied in a multiphase transport model. By converting the strings in the high energy density regions into partons, we find that the final elliptic flow is sensitive to the parton…
Theoretical and experimental studies of hot and/or dense matter, such as is created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions, and encountered in compact objects in astrophysics, constitute one of the most active frontiers in nuclear physics. In…
The integrated HydroKinetic Model (iHKM) is applied to analyse the results of direct photon spectra and elliptic flow measurements in 200A GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC for the three centrality bins. We detect the strong centrality…
It is shown that the timing capabilities of the LHCb detector operated during the LHC Run 2 can be used to identify light ion particles with momenta of a few GeV/$c$. This is achieved by estimating the particle time of flight through a…
I compare the first viscous hydrodynamic prediction for integrated elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC with the first data released by the ALICE collaboration. These new data are found to be consistent with hydrodynamic…
How can we gain a detailed insight into the hydrodynamic response of the system created in heavy ion collisions to the fluctuating initial geometry and viscous effects? Do we create a strongly interacting medium in proton-nucleus and…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions have reached energies that enable the creation of a novel state of matter termed the quark-gluon plasma. Many observables point to a picture of the medium as rapidly equilibrating and expanding as a nearly…
Various pion and photon production mechanisms in high-energy nuclear collisions at RHIC and LHC are discussed. Comparison with RHIC data is done whenever possible. The prospect of using electromagnetic probes to characterize quark-gluon…
The ALICE experiment features multiple particle identification systems. The measurement of the identified charged hadron $p_{t}$ spectra in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=900$ GeV will be discussed. In the central rapidity region…
Jet quenching in the matter created in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions provides a tomographic tool to probe the medium properties. Recent experimental results from the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) on characterization of jet…
The exploration of the strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions is one of the main goals of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We provide some of the main results on the novel properties of quark-gluon plasma, with particular…
The goal of the ultra-relativistic heavy ion program is to study Quantum Chromodynamics under finite temperature and density conditions. After a couple of decades of experiment, the focus at the top RHIC and the LHC energy has evolved to…