Related papers: Defining Complexity: A Commentary to a paper by Ch…
Halpern and Pearl introduced a definition of actual causality; Eiter and Lukasiewicz showed that computing whether X=x is a cause of Y=y is NP-complete in binary models (where all variables can take on only two values) and\…
Quantifying the complexity of systems consisting of many interacting parts has been an important challenge in the field of complex systems in both abstract and applied contexts. One approach, the complexity profile, is a measure of the…
We propose new definitions of (causal) explanation, using structural equations to model counterfactuals. The definition is based on the notion of actual cause, as defined and motivated in a companion paper. Essentially, an explanation is a…
In the 21st century, many of the crucial scientific and technical issues facing humanity can be understood as problems associated with understanding, modelling, and ultimately controlling complex systems: systems comprised of a large number…
This is a philosophical paper. It claims that there is a gap to be filled in the relationship between complexity theory (CT) and quantum theory (QT). This gap concerns two very distinct understandings of time. The paper provides the ground…
In resolving instances of a computational problem, if multiple instances of interest share a feature in common, it may be fruitful to compile this feature into a format that allows for more efficient resolution, even if the compilation is…
Except for crystalline or random structures, an agreed definition of complexity for intermediate and hence interesting cases does not exist. We fill this gap with a notion of complexity that characterises shapes formed by any finite number…
Complexity of patterns is a key information for human brain to differ objects of about the same size and shape. Like other innate human senses, the complexity perception cannot be easily quantified. We propose a transparent and universal…
In search of a meaningful 2-dimensional analog to mono- tonicity, we introduce two new definitions and give examples of and dis- cuss the relationship between these definitions and others that we found in the literature. Note: After we…
Comment on "Approaching human language with complex networks" by Cong and Liu (Physics of Life Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 4, December 2014, Pages 598-618).
We discuss some aspects of the extension to continuous systems of a statistical measure of complexity introduced by Lopez-Ruiz, Mancini and Calbet (LMC) [Phys. Lett. A 209 (1995) 321]. In general, the extension of a magnitude from the…
The best way to model, understand, and quantify the information contained in complex systems is an open question in physics, mathematics, and computer science. The uncertain relationship between entropy and complexity further complicates…
We introduce a method for analyzing the complexity of natural language processing tasks, and for predicting the difficulty new NLP tasks. Our complexity measures are derived from the Kolmogorov complexity of a class of automata --- {\it…
The concept of "logical depth" introduced by Charles H. Bennett (1988) seems to capture, at least partially, the notion of organized complexity, so central in big history. More precisely, the increase in organized complexity refers here to…
I investigate some properties of proposed definitions for subsystem/mixed state complexity and uncomplexity. A very strong dependence arises on the density matrix's degeneracy which gives a large separation in the scaling of maximum…
Complex networks are universal, arising in fields as disparate as sociology, physics, and biology. In the past decade, extensive research into the properties and behaviors of complex systems has uncovered surprising commonalities among the…
In this paper, we analyze the complexity of functional programs written in the interaction-net computation model, an asynchronous, parallel and confluent model that generalizes linear-logic proof nets. Employing user-defined sized and…
A strong link between complexity theory and literature is possible, i.e. feasible, under one proviso, namely that total novels be considered. However, neither in literature at large nor in complexity science has been literature seriously…
A comment on "Neurophysiological dynamics of phrase-structure building during sentence processing" by Nelson et al (2017), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 114(18), E3669-E3678.
We discuss views about whether the universe can be rationally comprehended, starting with Plato, then Leibniz, and then the views of some distinguished scientists of the previous century. Based on this, we defend the thesis that…