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In light of upcoming observations modelling perturbations in dark energy and modified gravity models has become an important topic of research. We develop an effective action to construct the components of the perturbed dark energy momentum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Richard A. Battye , Jonathan A. Pearson

We discuss general multi-dimensional stochastic processes driven by a system of Langevin equations with multiplicative white noise. In particular, we address the problem of how time reversal diffusion processes are affected by the variety…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-14 Miguel Vera Moreno , Zochil González Arenas , Daniel G. Barci

We introduce the spatial disorder-generalized Langevin equation (SD-GLE), a data-driven method for constructing coarse-grained (CG) dynamics in heterogeneous systems. Unlike conventional CG approaches that rely on a mean-field potential,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Chuyi Liu , Yifeng Guan , Jingyuan Li , Mao Su

It is shown that any singular Lagrangian theory: 1) can be formulated without the use of constraints by introducing a Clairaut-type version of the Hamiltonian formalism; 2) leads to a special kind of nonabelian gauge theory which is similar…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-04-29 Steven Duplij

The Newtonian Lagrangian perturbation theory is a widely used framework to study structure formation in cosmology in the nonlinear regime. We review a general-relativistic formulation of such a perturbation approach, emphasizing results on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-10 Thomas Buchert , Ismael Delgado Gaspar , Jan J. Ostrowski

Irrotational and monochromatic surface gravity waves possess a mean Lagrangian drift which transports mass and enhances mixing in the upper ocean. In the ocean, where many surface waves are present, it is commonly assumed that the mean…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-20 Aidan Blaser , Luc Lenain , Nick Pizzo

We propose a natural family of higher-order partial differential equations generalizing the second-order Klein-Gordon equation. We characterize the associated model by means of a generalized action for a scalar field, containing…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Ronaldo Thibes

Within the framework of the effective field theory approach to the post-Newtonian approximation to General Relativity, we report the so far missing G^3 and G^4 sectors of the conservative two body dynamics at fourth perturbative order for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-08-06 Stefano Foffa , Riccardo Sturani

This paper deals with the time evolution in the matter era of perturbations in Friedman-Lemaitre models with arbitrary density parameter $\Omega$, with either a zero cosmological constant, $\Lambda = 0$, or with a non-zero cosmological…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 F. R. Bouchet , S. Colombi , E. Hivon , R. Juszkiewicz

We present a method to study the time variation of the orbital parameters of a Post-Keplerian binary system undergoing a generic external perturbation. The method is the relativistic extension of the planetary Lagrangian equations. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Mirco Calura , Pierluigi Fortini , Enrico Montanari

We generalize the $f(R)$ type gravity models by assuming that the gravitational Lagrangian is given by an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar $R$ and of the matter Lagrangian $L_m$. We obtain the gravitational field equations in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-02-09 Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo

The construction of effective Lagrangians commonly involves the application of the `classical equation of motion' to eliminate redundant structures and thus generate the minimal number of independent terms. We investigate this procedure in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-28 S. Scherer , H. W. Fearing

We formulate the Lagrangian perturbation theory to solve the non-linear dynamics of self-gravitating fluid within the framework of the post-Newtonian approximation in general relativity, using the (3+1) formalism. Our formulation coincides…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-29 Masahiro Takada , Toshifumi Futamase

The Lagrangian perturbation theory on Friedman-Lemaitre cosmologies investigated and solved up to the second order in earlier papers (Buchert 1992, Buchert \& Ehlers 1993) is evaluated up to the third order. On its basis a model for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Thomas Buchert

We reexamine the problem of having nonconservative equations of motion arise from the use of a variational principle. In particular, a formalism is developed that allows the inclusion of fractional derivatives. This is done within the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 David W. Dreisigmeyer , Peter M. Young

A detailed program is proposed in the Lagrangian formalism to investigate the dynamical behavior of a theory with singular Lagrangian. This program goes on, at different levels, parallel to the Hamiltonian analysis. In particular, we…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-03-31 Mohammad Javad Heidari , Ahmad Shirzad

A general linear gauge-invariant equation for dispersive gravitational waves (GWs) propagating in matter is derived. This equation describes, on the same footing, both the usual tensor modes and the gravitational modes strongly coupled with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-12 Deepen Garg , I. Y. Dodin

We analyze the relation between the concept of auxiliary variables and the Inverse problem of the calculus of variations to construct a Lagrangian from a given set of equations of motion. The problem of the construction of a consistent…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Ignacio Cortese , J. Antonio Garcia

We study the 1D Klein-Gordon equation with variable coefficient nonlinearity. This problem exhibits an interesting resonant interaction between the spatial frequencies of the nonlinear coefficients and the temporal oscillations of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-06-11 Jacob Sterbenz

A new perspective on the classical mechanical formulation of particle trajectories in lorentz-violating theories is presented. Using the extended hamiltonian formalism, a Legendre Transformation between the associated covariant Lagrangian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-13 Don Colladay