Related papers: Complexity of Langton's Ant
Recent work has demonstrated the existence of universal Hamiltonians - simple spin lattice models that can simulate any other quantum many body system to any desired level of accuracy. Until now proofs of universality have relied on…
Evolutionary complexity is here measured by the number of trials/evaluations needed for evolving a logical gate in a non-linear medium. Behavioural complexity of the gates evolved is characterised in terms of cellular automata behaviour. We…
Entanglement is one of the physical properties of quantum systems responsible for the computational hardness of simulating quantum systems. But while the runtime of specific algorithms, notably tensor network algorithms, explicitly depends…
Cellular automata are interacting classical bits that display diverse emergent behaviors, from fractals to random-number generators to Turing-complete computation. We discover that quantum cellular automata (QCA) can exhibit complexity in…
Observations are an essential component of the simulation based studies on artificial-evolutionary systems (AES) by which entities are identified and their behavior is observed to uncover higher-level "emergent" phenomena. Because of the…
Turn-taking behaviour is simulated in a coupled agents system. Each agent is modelled as a mobile robot with two wheels. A recurrent neural network is used to produce the motor outputs and to hold the internal dynamics. Agents are developed…
We investigate the organization of traffic flow on preexisting uni- and bidirectional ant trails. Our investigations comprise a theoretical as well as an empirical part. We propose minimal models of uni- and bi-directional traffic flow…
Complexity has been a recurrent research topic in cellular automata because they represent systems where complex behaviors emerge from simple local interactions. A significant amount of previous research has been conducted proposing…
Artificial ants are "small" units, moving autonomously on a shared, dynamically changing "space", directly or indirectly exchanging some kind of information. Artificial ants are frequently conceived as a paradigm for collective adaptive…
The fourfold research proposal regards in particular: critical oriented percolation; random walk limit laws; neural networks with long-range connections; the ant in a labyrinth.
We present universal characteristics of quantum entanglement and topology through virtual entanglement modes that fluctuate into existence in subsystem measurements. For generic interacting systems and extensive conserved quantities, these…
In this review we integrate results of long term experimental study on ant "language" and intelligence which were fully based on fundamental ideas of Information Theory, such as the Shannon entropy, the Kolmogorov complexity, and the…
We present two generalised ants (LLRRRL and LLRLRLL) which admit both highway behaviours and other kinds of emergent behaviours from initially finite configurations. This limits the well known Highway conjecture on Langton's ant as it shows…
The notions of universality and completeness are central in the theories of computation and computational complexity. However, proving lower bounds and necessary conditions remains hard in most of the cases. In this article, we introduce…
The evolution of complexity has been a central theme for Biology [2] and Artificial Life research [1]. It is generally agreed that complexity has increased in our universe, giving way to life, multi-cellularity, societies, and systems of…
In 2002, Chowdhury et al. introduced a simplified model aimed at depicting the dynamics of single-lane unidirectional ant traffic. Despite efforts, an exact solution for the stationary state of this ant-trail model remains elusive. The…
In this paper we describe a minimal model for annular sorting by Leptothorax ants. Simulation results are consistent with the structures observed in actual ant colonies.
Holant problems are intimately connected with quantum theory as tensor networks. We first use techniques from Holant theory to derive new and improved results for quantum entanglement theory. We discover two particular entangled states…
We introduce "binding complexity", a new notion of circuit complexity which quantifies the difficulty of distributing entanglement among multiple parties, each consisting of many local degrees of freedom. We define binding complexity of a…
In the parable of Simon's Ant, an ant follows a complex path along a beach on to reach its goal. The story shows how the interaction of simple rules and a complex environment result in complex behavior. But this relationship can be looked…