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In order to make a case for or against a trend in the evolution of complexity in biological evolution, complexity needs to be both rigorously defined and measurable. A recent information-theoretic (but intuitively evident) definition…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Christoph Adami , Charles Ofria , Travis C. Collier

The implications of technological innovation for sustainability are becoming increasingly complex with information technology moving machines from being mere tools for production or objects of consumption to playing a role in economic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-05-14 Salvador Pueyo

We model an artificial root which grows in the soil for underground prospecting. Its evolution is described by a controlled system of two integro-partial differential equations: one for the growth of the body and the other for the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-05-14 Fabio Ancona , Alberto Bressan , Maria Teresa Chiri

Two major goals in machine learning are the discovery and improvement of solutions to complex problems. In this paper, we argue that complexification, i.e. the incremental elaboration of solutions through adding new structure, achieves both…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 R. Miikkulainen , K. O. Stanley

Evolution gave rise to creatures that are arguably more sophisticated than the greatest human-designed systems. This feat has inspired computer scientists since the advent of computing and led to optimization tools that can evolve complex…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Jean-Baptiste Mouret

The accelerating development and deployment of AI technologies depend on the continued ability to scale their infrastructure. This has implied increasing amounts of monetary investment and natural resources. Frontier AI applications have…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Eshta Bhardwaj , Rohan Alexander , Christoph Becker

The process of evolutionary diversification unfolds in a vast genotypic space of potential outcomes. During the past century there have been remarkable advances in the development of theory for this diversification, and the theory's success…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-10-14 Troy Day

Technology is increasingly shaping our social structures and is becoming a driving force in altering human biology. Besides, human activities already proved to have a significant impact on the Earth system which in turn generates complex…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-02-15 Eugenio Maria Battaglia , Jie Mei , Guillaume Dumas

Analogous to living ecosystems in nature, web services form an artificial ecosystem consisting of many tags and their associated media, such as photographs, movies, and web pages created by human users. Concerning biological ecosystems, we…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Takashi Ikegami , Yasuhiro Hashimoto , Mizuki Oka

The prediction that (due to the limited amount of hydrogen available as fuel in the Sun) the future duration of our favourable terrestrial environment will be short (compared with the present age of the Earth) has been interpreted as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-20 Brandon Carter

We report a new system of artificial life called Lenia (from Latin lenis "smooth"), a two-dimensional cellular automaton with continuous space-time-state and generalized local rule. Computer simulations show that Lenia supports a great…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2021-07-12 Bert Wang-Chak Chan

Foundation models (FMs) have recently opened up new frontiers in the field of artificial life (ALife) by providing powerful tools to automate search through ALife simulations. Previous work aligns ALife simulations with natural language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Nikhil Baid , Hannah Erlebach , Paul Hellegouarch , Frederico Wieser

Observations are an essential component of the simulation based studies on artificial-evolutionary systems (AES) by which entities are identified and their behavior is observed to uncover higher-level "emergent" phenomena. Because of the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Janardan Misra

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has apparently become one of the most important techniques discovered by humans in history while the human brain is widely recognized as one of the most complex systems in the universe. One fundamental critical…

The problem of evolutionary complexification of life is considered one of the fundamental aspects in contemporary evolutionary theory. Parasitism is ubiquitous, inevitable, and arises as soon as the first replicators appear, even during the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-01 Alexander Spirov

A full accounting of biological robustness remains elusive; both in terms of the mechanisms by which robustness is achieved and the forces that have caused robustness to grow over evolutionary time. Although its importance to topics such as…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2011-12-15 James Whitacre , Axel Bender

This document is the Special Issue of the First International Conference on the Evolution and Development of the Universe (EDU 2008). Please refer to the preface and introduction for more details on the contributions. Keywords:…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a fast-growing research and development (R&D) discipline which is attracting increasing attention because of its promises to bring vast benefits for consumers and businesses, with considerable benefits…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Zhenghua Chen , Min Wu , Alvin Chan , Xiaoli Li , Yew-Soon Ong

There is an increasing level of interest in open-endedness in the recent literature of Artificial Life and Artificial Intelligence. We previously proposed the cardinality leap of possibility spaces as a promising mechanism to facilitate…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Hiroki Sayama

Biological lifeforms can heal, grow, adapt, and reproduce -- abilities essential for sustained survival and development. In contrast, robots today are primarily monolithic machines with limited ability to self-repair, physically develop, or…