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Computable estimates for the error of finite element discretisations of parabolic problems in the $L^\infty(0,T; L^2)$ norm are developed, which exhibit constant effectivities (the ratio of the estimated error to the true error) with…

Recently, it was observed that solutions of a large class of highly oscillatory second order linear ordinary differential equations can be approximated using nonoscillatory phase functions. In particular, under mild assumptions on the…

The focus of this article is the approximation of functions which are analytic on a compact interval except at the endpoints. Typical numerical methods for approximating such functions depend upon the use of particular conformal maps from…

The problem of error analysis is addressed in stages beginning with the case of uncorrelated parameters and proceeding to the Bayesian problem that takes into account all possible correlations when a great deal of prior information about…

This study investigates component wise estimation of ordered variances of scale mixture of two normal distributions. For this study two special loss functions are considered namely squared error loss function and entropy loss function. We…

In this note we prove optimal inequalities for bounded functions in terms of their deviation from their mean. These results extend and generalize some known inequalities due to Thong (2011) and Perfetti (2011)

An intrinsic measure of the quality of a variational wave function is given by its overlap with the ground state of the system. We derive a general formula to compute this overlap when quantum dynamics in imaginary time is accessible. The…

Second-order two-scale expansions, a unified proof for the regularity of the correctors based on the translation invariant and a lemma for extracting $O(\epsilon)$ from the remainder term are presented for the second order nonlinear…

Let $F_{n}$ be the $n$-th Fibonacci number. Put $\varphi=\frac{1+\sqrt5}{2}$. We prove that the following inequalities hold for any real $\alpha$: 1) $\inf_{n \in \mathbb N} ||F_n\alpha||\le\frac{\varphi-1}{\varphi+2}$, 2) $\liminf_{n\to…

For an irrational number $\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$ we consider its irrationality measure function $$ \psi_\alpha(x) = \min_{1\le q\le x,\, q\in\mathbb{Z}} \| q\alpha \|. $$ It is known for all irrational numbers $\alpha$ and $\beta$ satisfying…

We establish new, optimal gradient continuity estimates for solutions to a class of 2nd order partial differential equations, $\mathscr{L}(X, \nabla u, D^2 u) = f$, whose diffusion properties (ellipticity) degenerate along the \textit{a…

In quantum physics, measurement error and disturbance were first naively thought to be simply constrained by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. Later, more rigorous analysis showed that the error and disturbance satisfy more subtle…

The paper deals with the problem of ideals of $H^\infty$: describe increasing functions $\phi\ge 0$ such that for all bounded analytic functions $f_1,f_2,...,f_n, \tau$ in the unit disc $D$ the condition $|\tau(z) | \le \phi(\sum_k…

In the world of mathematical analysis, many counterintuitive answers arise from the manipulation of seemingly unrelated concepts, ideas, or functions. For example, Euler showed that $e^{i\pi} + 1 = 0$, whereas Gauss proved that the area…

We consider the approximation of manifold-valued functions by embedding the manifold into a higher dimensional space, applying a vector-valued approximation operator and projecting the resulting vector back to the manifold. It is well known…

We consider autonomous stochastic ordinary differential equations (SDEs) and weak approximations of their solutions for a general class of sufficiently smooth path-dependent functionals f. Based on tools from functional It\^o calculus, such…

Let $L$ be a second order uniformly elliptic differential operator in a domain $D$ of $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, $\psi:\mathbb{R}_+\to \mathbb{R}_+$ be a nondecreasing continuous function and let $\xi,g:D\to\mathbb{R}_+$ be locally bounded Borel…

We prove weak duality between two recent convex relaxation methods for bounding the optimal value of a constrained variational problem in which the objective is an integral functional. The first approach, proposed by Valmorbida et al. (IEEE…

The function $\inf_n nx^{1/n}$ has the asymptotics $eu+e d^2(u)/(2u)+O(1/u^2)$ as $x\to\infty$, where $u=\log x$ and $d(u)$ is the distance from $u$ to the nearest integer. We generalize this observation. First, the curves $y=nx^{1/n}$ can…

The problem of nonlinear functional of parameters, such as differential entropy, has received much attention in information theory and statistics. In many situations, prior information about the parameters is available in the form of order…