Related papers: Hubbard forests
We construct combinatorial Hubbard trees for all unicritical polynomials, and for all exponential maps, for which the critical (singular) value does not escape. More precisely, out of an external angle, or more generally a kneading…
We extend the concept of a Hubbard tree, well established and useful in the theory of polynomial dynamics, to the dynamics of transcendental entire functions. We show that Hubbard trees in the strict traditional sense, as invariant compact…
We provide an effective classification of postcritically finite polynomials as dynamical systems by means of Hubbard Trees. This can be viewed as an application of the results developed in part 1 (Stony Brook IMS 1993/5).
We give a simple algorithm that determines whether a given post-critically finite topological polynomial is Thurston equivalent to a polynomial. If it is, the algorithm produces the Hubbard tree; otherwise, the algorithm produces the…
We show that the absolute Galois group acts faithfully on the set of Hubbard trees. Hubbard trees are finite planar trees, equipped with self-maps, which classify postcritically finite polynomials as holomorphic dynamical systems on the…
We study rational functions $f$ of degree $d+1$ such that $f$ is univalent in the exterior unit disc, and the image of the unit circle under $f$ has the maximal number of cusps ($d+1$) and double points $(d-2)$. We introduce a bi-angled…
An order-theoretic forest is a countable partial order such that the set of elements larger than any element is linearly ordered. It is an order-theoretic tree if any two elements have an upper-bound. The order type of a branch can be any…
We give a combinatorial classification for the class of postcritically fixed Newton maps of polynomials and indicate potential for extensions. As our main tool, we show that for a large class of Newton maps that includes all hyperbolic…
Non-well-founded trees are used in mathematics and computer science, for modelling non-well-founded sets, as well as non-terminating processes or infinite data-structures. Categorically, they arise as final coalgebras for polynomial…
The dynamical classification of rational maps is a central concern of holomorphic dynamics. Much progress has been made, especially on the classification of polynomials and some approachable one-parameter families of rational maps; the goal…
We give a combinatorial classification for the class of postcritically fixed Newton maps of polynomials as dynamical systems. This lays the foundation for classification results of more general classes of Newton maps. A fundamental…
There is a well-known correspondence between infinite trees and ultrametric spaces which can be interpreted as an equivalence of categories and comes from considering the end space of the tree. In this equivalence, uniformly continuous maps…
We consider polynomial maps described by so-called "(multivariate) linearized polynomials". These polynomials are defined using a fixed prime power, say q. Linearized polynomials have no mixed terms. Considering invertible polynomial maps…
The theorem of factorisation forests shows the existence of nested factorisations -- a la Ramsey -- for finite words. This theorem has important applications in semigroup theory, and beyond. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the…
Elementary arguments show that a tree or forest is determined (up to isomorphism) by binary matroids defined using the adjacency matrix.
Tree sets are abstract structures that can be used to model various tree-shaped objects in combinatorics. Finite tree sets can be represented by finite graph-theoretical trees. We extend this representation theory to infinite tree sets.…
This paper constructs a combinatorial model for all postcritically finite rational maps arising as the Newton's method of a complex polynomial. This model is used in [LMS] to give a combinatorial classification of postcritically finite…
Quasi-trees generalize trees in that the unique "path" between two nodes may be infinite and have any countable order type. They are used to define the rank-width of a countable graph in such a way that it is equal to the least upper-bound…
Full binary trees naturally represent commutative non-associative products. There are many important examples of these products: finite-precision floating-point addition and NAND gates, among others. Balance in such a tree is highly…
We study the forward orbit of the critical point for polynomials of the form $f_c=z^2+c$ defined over $\mathbb{Z}_p$. Hubbard trees capture the dynamical behavior for such maps with finite critical orbit in $\mathbb{C}$. We suggest a notion…