English
Related papers

Related papers: A note on 3iet preserving morphisms

200 papers

An S-adic expansion of an infinite word is a way of writing it as the limit of an infinite product of substitutions (i.e., morphisms of a free monoid). Such a description is related to continued fraction expansions of numbers and vectors. A…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-07-19 Valérie Berthé , Vincent Delecroix

Deciding periodicity of infinite words generated by morphisms is a classical result in combinatorics on words from 80's by Harju, Linna and Pansiot. In this paper, we are interested in this question in the abelian setting. Two words are…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Arina Filimonova , Svetlana Puzynina

A \emph{morphism} is a mapping that transforms words through letter-wise substitution, where each symbol is consistently replaced by a fixed word. In the field of combinatorics on words, one topic that has attracted considerable attention…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Kaisei Kishi , Peaker Guo , Cristian Urbina , Hideo Bannai

An updated proof of a 1933 theorem of Goeritz, exhibiting a finite set of generators for the group of automorphisms of the 3-sphere that preserve a genus two Heegaard splitting. The group is analyzed via its action on a certain connected…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Martin Scharlemann

An infinite word x is said to be quasiperiodic if there exists a finite word q such that x is covered by occurrences of q (such a q is called a quasiperiod of x). Using the notion of derivation, we show that this definition is not…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Thierry Monteil , Solomon Marcus

We study the equality problem for infinite words obtained by iterating morphisms. In particular, we give a practical algorithm to decide whether or not two words generated by primitive morphisms are equal.

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2009-04-16 Juha Honkala

Episturmian morphisms constitute a powerful tool to study episturmian words. Indeed, any episturmian word can be infinitely decomposed over the set of pure episturmian morphisms. Thus, an episturmian word can be defined by one of its…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2010-03-16 Amy Glen , Florence Levé , Gwénaël Richomme

Morphisms are homomorphisms under the concatenation operation of the set of words over a finite set. Changing the elements of the finite set does not essentially change the morphism. We propose a way to select a unique representing member…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-14 F. Michel Dekking

We characterize all quasiperiodic Sturmian words: a Sturmian word is not quasiperiodic if and only if it is a Lyndon word. Moreover, we study links between Sturmian morphisms and quasiperiodicity.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Florence Levé , Gwénaël Richomme

Two finite words $u$ and $v$ are called Abelian equivalent if each letter occurs equally many times in both $u$ and $v$. The abelian closure $\mathcal{A}(\mathbf{x})$ of (the shift orbit closure of) an infinite word $\mathbf{x}$ is the set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-04 Svetlana Puzynina , Markus A. Whiteland

Generalizing the notion of the boundary sequence introduced by Chen and Wen, the $n$th term of the $\ell$-boundary sequence of an infinite word is the finite set of pairs $(u,v)$ of prefixes and suffixes of length $\ell$ appearing in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Michel Rigo , Manon Stipulanti , Markus A. Whiteland

Sturmian words form a family of one-sided infinite words over a binary alphabet that are obtained as a discretization of a line with an irrational slope starting from the origin. A finite version of this class of words called Christoffel…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Abhishek Krishnamoorthy , Robinson Thamburaj , Durairaj Gnanaraj Thomas

Recently the second two authors characterized quasiperiodic Sturmian words, proving that a Sturmian word is non-quasiperiodic if and only if it is an infinite Lyndon word. Here we extend this study to episturmian words (a natural…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-16 Amy Glen , Florence Levé , Gwénaël Richomme

We introduce a class of fixed points of primitive morphisms among aperiodic binary generalized pseudostandard words. We conjecture that this class contains all fixed points of primitive morphisms among aperiodic binary generalized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-18 Lubomira Dvorakova , Tereza Velka

A finite word is closed if it contains a factor that occurs both as a prefix and as a suffix but does not have internal occurrences, otherwise it is open. We are interested in the {\it oc-sequence} of a word, which is the binary sequence…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-05-28 Alessandro De Luca , Gabriele Fici , Luca Q. Zamboni

We introduce two classes of morphisms over the alphabet $A=\{0,1\}$ whose fixed points contain infinitely many antipalindromic factors. An antipalindrome is a finite word invariant under the action of the antimorphism…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Petr Ambrož , Zuzana Masáková , Edita Pelantová

Let $W$ be an infinite word over finite alphabet $A$. We get combinatorial criteria of existence of interval exchange transformations that generate the word W.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-11-30 A. Ya. Belov , A. L. Chernyat'ev

In our earlier paper [A square root map on Sturmian words, Electron. J. Combin. 24.1 (2017)], we introduced a symbolic square root map. Every optimal squareful infinite word $s$ contains exactly six minimal squares and can be written as a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Jarkko Peltomäki , Markus Whiteland

Trapezoidal words are finite words having at most n+1 distinct factors of length n, for every n>=0. They encompass finite Sturmian words. We distinguish trapezoidal words into two disjoint subsets: open and closed trapezoidal words. A…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-08-19 Gabriele Fici

Sturmian sequences are well-known as the ones having minimal complexity over a 2-letter alphabet. They are also the balanced sequences over a 2-letter alphabet and the sequences describing discrete lines. They are famous and have been…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-24 Genevieve Paquin