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We characterize numerical semigroups $S$ with embedding dimension three attaining equality in the inequality $\max\Delta(S)+2\leq \operatorname{cat}(S)$, where $\Delta(S)$ denotes the Delta set of $S$ and $\operatorname{cat}(S)$ denotes the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-25 Pedro A. García-Sánchez , Helena Martín-Cruz

A numerical semigroup is a subset of the non-negative integers that is closed under addition. For a randomly generated numerical semigroup, the expected number of minimum generators can be expressed in terms of a doubly-indexed sequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Calvin Leng , Christopher O'Neill

We derive a set of polynomial and quasipolynomial identities for degrees of syzygies in the Hilbert series H(d^m;z) of nonsymmetric numerical semigroups S(d^m) of arbitrary generating set of positive integers d^m={d_1,...,d_m}, m\geq 3.…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2009-12-31 Leonid G. Fel

A numerical semigroup is an additive subsemigroup of the natural numbers that contains zero and has finite complement. A numerical semigroup is irreducible if it cannot be written as an intersection of numerical semigroups properly…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Pedro Garcia-Sanchez , Christopher O'Neill

We provide algorithms for performing computations in generalized numerical semigroups, that is, submonoids of $\mathbb{N}^{d}$ with finite complement in $\mathbb{N}^{d}$. These semigroups are affine semigroups, which in particular implies…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-22 Carmelo Cisto , Manuel Delgado , Pedro A. García-Sánchez

This work extends the results known for the Delta sets of non-symmetric numerical semigroups with embedding dimension three to the symmetric case. Thus, we have a fast algorithm to compute the Delta set of any embedding dimension three…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-01-05 P. A. García-Sánchez , D. Llena , A. Moscariello

Given a numerical semigroup $S$ and a positive integer $d$, the fraction $\frac{S}{d}=\{ x \in \mathbb{N} \ | \ dx \in S\}$ is again a numerical semigroup. In this paper we determine a generating set for $\frac{S}{d}$ in terms of the…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2015-06-02 Alessio Moscariello

The pseudo-Frobenius numbers of a numerical semigroup are those gaps of the numerical semigroup that are maximal for the partial order induced by the semigroup. We present a procedure to detect if a given set of integers is the set of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2019-02-20 M. Delgado , P. A. García-Sánchez , A. M. Robles-Pérez

A generalized numerical semigroup is a submonoid $S$ of $\mathbb{N}^d$ with finite complement in it. We characterize isomorphisms between these monoids in terms of permutation of coordinates. Considering the equivalence relation that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Carmelo Cisto , Gioia Failla , Francesco Navarra

This paper examines in a new way some known facts about numerical semigroups especially when the number of minimal generators (that is the embedding dimension) is at most three and at least two minimal generators are coprime. For such…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Antoine Mhanna

For any numerical semigroup $S$, there are infinitely many numerical symmetric semigroups $T$ such that $S=\frac{T}{2}$ is their half. We are studying the Betti numbers of the numerical semigroup ring $K[T]$ when $S$ is a 3-generated…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2011-11-08 Vincenzo Micale , Anda Olteanu

A numerical semigroup is a subset of N containing 0, closed under addition and with finite complement in N. An important example of numerical semigroup is given by the Weierstrass semigroup at one point of a curve. In the theory of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-30 Maria Bras-Amorós

In this paper several examples of gaps (lacunes) between dimensions of maximal and submaximal symmetric models are considered, which include investigation of number of independent linear and quadratic integrals of metrics and counting the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-03-06 Boris Kruglikov

Let a, k, h, c be positive integers and d a non zero integer. Recall that a numerical generalized almost arithmetic semigroup S is a semigroup minimally generated by relatively prime positive integers a, ha + d, ha + 2d, . . . , ha + kd, c,…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Marcel Morales , Nguyen Thi Dung

This article investigates structural connections between unrefinable partitions into distinct parts and numerical semigroups. By analysing the hooksets of Young diagrams associated with numerical sets, new criteria for recognising…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Lorenzo Campioni

This article is partly a survey and partly a research paper. It tackles the use of Groebner bases for addressing problems of numerical semigroups, which is a topic that has been around for some years, but it does it in a systematic way…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-03 Guadalupe Márquez-Campos , José M. Tornero

The notion of almost symmetric numerical semigroup was given by V. Barucci and R. Fr\"oberg. We characterize almost symmetric numerical semigroups by symmetry of pseudo-Frobenius numbers. We give a criterion for $H^*$ (the dual of $M$) to…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2011-11-29 Hirokatsu Nari

The change-making problem was recently extended to sets of positive integers not containing the element $1$, and from there to numerical semigroups. A greedy numerical semigroup is defined as a numerical semigroup where the greedy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Arnau Messegué-Buisan , Hebert Pérez-Rosés

For a finite group $G$, let $a_n(G)$ be the number of subgroups of order $n$ and define $\zeta_G(s)=\sum_{n\ge 1} a_n(G)n^{-s}$. Examples are known of non-isomorphic finite groups with the same group zeta function. However, no general…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Yuto Nogata

The \emph{difference subgroup graph} $D(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as the graph whose vertices are the non-trivial proper subgroups of $G$, with two distinct vertices $H$ and $K$ adjacent if and only if $\langle H, K \rangle = G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Angsuman Das , Arnab Mandal , Labani Sarkar