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In this paper, we study random matrix models which are obtained as a non-commutative polynomial in random matrix variables of two kinds: (a) a first kind which have a discrete spectrum in the limit, (b) a second kind which have a joint…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-17 Benoit Collins , Takahiro Hasebe , Noriyoshi Sakuma

The Singular Value Decomposition is a matrix decomposition technique widely used in the analysis of multivariate data, such as complex space-time images obtained in both physical and biological systems. In this paper, we examine the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-25 A. M. Sengupta , P. P. Mitra

We study the problem of free denoising. For free selfadjoint random variables $a,b$, where we interpret $a$ as a signal and $b$ as noise, we find $E(a|a+b)$. To that end, we study a probability measure $\mu^{( \mathrm{ov} )}_{a,a+b}$ on…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Maxime Fevrier , Alexandru Nica , Kamil Szpojankowski

We study random matrices acting on tensor product spaces which have been transformed by a linear block operation. Using operator-valued free probability theory, under some mild assumptions on the linear map acting on the blocks, we compute…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-01-26 Octavio Arizmendi , Ion Nechita , Carlos Vargas

For two large matrices ${\mathbf X}$ and ${\mathbf Y}$ with Gaussian i.i.d.\ entries and dimensions $T\times N_X$ and $T\times N_Y$, respectively, we derive the probability distribution of the singular values of $\mathbf{X}^T \mathbf{Y}$ in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-29 Arabind Swain , Sean Alexander Ridout , Ilya Nemenman

The properties of the normal distribution under linear transformation, as well the easy way to compute the covariance matrix of marginals and conditionals, offer a unique opportunity to get an insight about several aspects of uncertainties…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-02-12 Giulio D'Agostini

We use freeness assumptions of random matrix theory to analyze the dynamical behavior of inference algorithms for probabilistic models with dense coupling matrices in the limit of large systems. For a toy Ising model, we are able to recover…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-19 Manfred Opper , Burak Çakmak

We establish a link between free probability theory and Witt vectors, via the theory of formal groups. We derive an exponential isomorphism which expresses Voiculescu's free multiplicative convolution $\boxtimes$ as a function of the free…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-12-06 Roland Friedrich , John McKay

We use techniques from finite free probability to analyze matrix processes related to eigenvalues, singular values, and generalized singular values of random matrices. The models we use are quite basic and the analysis consists entirely of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-03 Adam W. Marcus

We consider increasingly complex models of matrix denoising and dictionary learning in the Bayes-optimal setting, in the challenging regime where the matrices to infer have a rank growing linearly with the system size. This is in contrast…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Jean Barbier , Nicolas Macris

Deconvolution is a statistical inverse problem to estimate the distribution of a random variable based on its noisy observations. Despite the extensive studies on the topic, deconvolution with unknown noise distribution remains as a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-06 Devavrat Shah , Dogyoon Song

This paper develops a rigorous probabilistic framework that extends denoising diffusion models to the setting of noncommutative random variables. Building on Voiculescu's theory of free entropy and free Fisher information, we formulate…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Swagatam Das

We consider an Information-Plus-Noise type matrix where the Information matrix is a spiked matrix. When some eigenvalues of the random matrix separate from the bulk, we study how the corresponding eigenvectors project onto those of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-12 Mireille Capitaine

This work gives an overview of analytic tools for the design, analysis, and modelling of communication systems which can be described by linear vector channels such as y = Hx+z where the number of components in each vector is large. Tools…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-22 Ralf R. Müller , Giusi Alfano , Benjamin M. Zaidel , Rodrigo de Miguel

We briefly review the random matrix theory for large N by N matrices viewed as free random variables in a context of stochastic diffusion. We establish a surprising link between the spectral properties of matrix-valued multiplicative…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ewa Gudowska-Nowak , Romuald J. Janik , Jerzy Jurkiewicz , Maciej A. Nowak , Waldemar Wieczorek

It is well known that, under some assumptions, the limit distribution of random block matrices and their partial transposition converges to the distributions of random variables in some noncommutative probability space. Using free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-21 Zhi Yin , Liang Zhao

These are notes from a three-lecture mini-course on free probability given at MSRI in the Fall of 2010 and repeated a year later at Harvard. The lectures were aimed at mathematicians and mathematical physicists working in combinatorics,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-11 Jonathan Novak , Michael LaCroix

Random matrix theory has played an important role in various areas of pure mathematics, mathematical physics, and machine learning. From a practical perspective of data science, input data are usually normalized prior to processing. Thus,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Hyakka Nakada , Shu Tanaka

Based on the random matrix model, we can build statistical models using massive datasets across the power grid, and employ hypothesis testing for anomaly detection. First, the aim of this paper is to make the first attempt to apply the…

Applications · Statistics 2016-12-06 Zenan Ling , Robert C. Qiu , Xing He , Chu Lei

Characterization problems in free probability are studied here. Using subordination of free additive and free multiplicative convolutions we generalize some known characterizations in free probability to random variables with unbounded…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2021-04-20 Wiktor Ejsmont , Uwe Franz , Kamil Szpojankowski