English
Related papers

Related papers: A Theoretic Proof of the Four Color Theorem

200 papers

Our goal is to prove new results in graph theory and combinatorics thanks to the speed of computers, used with smart algorithms. We tackle four problems. The four-colour theorem states that any map whose countries are connected can be…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Alexandre Talon

In this paper, we present some results related to Barany-Larman colored problem and The Zivaljevic and Vrecica colored Tverberg problem. We give an alternative proof for the Barany-Larman Conjecture for primes -1 and the optimal colored…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Carlos H. F. Poncio , Edivaldo Lopes dos Santos , Leandro Vicente Mauri , Denise de Mattos

We start by building up some theory to state Wagner's Theorem, and then prove it using Kuratowski's Theorem, a proof of which is found in Diester (2000). Following this, we establish some connections between the chromatic number of a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Arnold Tan Junhan

The Dense Hindman's Theorem states that, in any finite coloring of the integers, one may find a single color and a "dense" set $B_1$, for each $b_1\in B_1$ a "dense" set $B_2^{b_1}$ (depending on $b_1$), for each $b_2\in B_2^{b_1}$ a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-03 Henry Towsner

A facial unique-maximum coloring of a plane graph is a proper vertex coloring by natural numbers where on each face $\alpha$ the maximal color appears exactly once on the vertices of $\alpha$. Fabrici and G\"oring proved that six colors are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-04 Bernard Lidický , Kacy Messerschmidt , Riste Škrekovski

Andrews and El Bachraoui recently studied various two-colored integer partitions, including those related to two-colored partitions into distinct parts with constraints and overpartitions. Their work raised questions about the existence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Dandan Chen , Jiahao Liu

We prove two colorful Carath\'eodory theorems for strongly convex hulls, generalizing the colorful Carat\'eodory theorem for ordinary convexity by Imre B\'ar\'any, the non-colorful Carath\'eodory theorem for strongly convex hulls by the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-21 Andreas F. Holmsen , Roman Karasev

The colored Tverberg theorem asserts that for every d and r there exists t=t(d,r) such that for every set C in R^d of cardinality (d+1)t, partitioned into t-point subsets C_1,C_2,...,C_{d+1} (which we think of as color classes; e.g., the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-02 Jiří Matoušek , Martin Tancer , Uli Wagner

The polynomial version of van der Waerden's theorem, proved using dynamical systems by V. Bergelson and A. Leibman in 1996, \cite{Bergelson1996}, significantly highlighted the role of dynamical systems in addressing problems related to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Javad Jafari , Mohammad Akbari Tootkaboni

Notes for the author's MSRI lecture in January 2014.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-03-20 John Rognes

It was conjectured by the third author in about 1973 that every $d$-regular planar graph (possibly with parallel edges) can be $d$-edge-coloured, provided that for every odd set $X$ of vertices, there are at least $d$ edges between $X$ and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-09-07 Maria Chudnovsky , Katherine Edwards , Paul Seymour

Maximal planar graph refers to the planar graph with the most edges, which means no more edges can be added so that the resulting graph is still planar. The Four-Color Conjecture says that every planar graph without loops is 4-colorable.…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-10-26 Jin Xu

We prove that if the set of unordered pairs of real numbers is colored by finitely many colors, there is a set of reals homeomorphic to the rationals whose pairs have at most two colors. Our proof uses large cardinals and it verifies a…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-12-23 Dilip Raghavan , Stevo Todorcevic

In a recent paper, Dousse introduced a refinement of Siladi\'c's theorem on partitions, where parts occur in two primary and three secondary colors. Her proof used the method of weighted words and $q$-difference equations. The purpose of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Isaac Konan

We give a short, explicit proof of Hindman's Theorem that in every finite coloring of the integers, there is an infinite set all of whose finite sums have the same color. We give several exampls of colorings of the integers which do not…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-07-05 Henry Towsner

This paper considers the problem of showing that every pair of binary trees with the same number of leaves parses a common word under a certain simple grammar. We enumerate the common parse words for several infinite families of tree pairs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-18 Bobbe Cooper , Eric Rowland , Doron Zeilberger

We show, without using the Four Color Theorem, that for each planar triangulation, the number of its proper vertex colorings by 4 colors is a determinant and thus can be calculated in a polynomial time. In particular, we can efficiently…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-24 Martin Loebl

We first give an alternative proof of the Alon-Tarsi list coloring theorem. We use the ideas from this proof to obtain the following result, which is an additive coloring analog of the Alon-Tarsi Theorem: Let $G$ be a graph and let $D$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-15 Ian Gossett

The status of the theory of color confinemnt is discussed.

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2008-11-26 Adriano Di Giacomo

For any cubic graph in a closed orientable surface and a perfect matching, the Penrose-Kauffman polynomial is a sum of chromatic polynomials of a collection of associated graphs. A knot-theoretic perspective affords elementary proofs of old…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Louis H. Kauffman , Daniel S. Silver , Susan G. Williams