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We provide upper bounds on the largest subsets of $\{1,2,\dots,N\}$ with no differences of the form $h_1(n_1)+\cdots+h_{\ell}(n_{\ell})$ with $n_i\in \mathbb{N}$ or $h_1(p_1)+\cdots+h_{\ell}(p_{\ell})$ with $p_i$ prime, where $h_i\in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-08 Neil Lyall , Alex Rice

A given subset $A$ of natural numbers is said to be complete if every element of $\N$ is the sum of distinct terms taken from $A$. This topic is strongly connected to the knapsack problem which is known to be NP complete. The main goal of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Norbert Hegyvári , Máté Pálfy , Erfei Yue

Ruzsa's inequality states that $|A+A+A| \leq |A+A|^{3/2}$ for any finite set $A$ in a commutative group. Ruzsa has constructed examples showing that this inequality is sharp asymptotically, up to a constant factor. We prove an inverse…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Swaroop Hegde

In its usual form, Freiman's 3k-4 theorem states that if A and B are subsets of the integers of size k with small sumset (of size close to 2k) then they are very close to arithmetic progressions. Our aim in this paper is to strengthen this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-22 Bela Bollobas , Imre Leader , Marius Tiba

In this paper, six constructions of difference families are presented. These constructions make use of difference sets, almost difference sets and disjoint difference families, and give new point of views of relationships among these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-14 Cunsheng Ding , Chik How Tan , Yin Tan

A set of $b$ mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) in $\mathbb{C}^d$ (for $d > 1$) comprises $bd$ vectors in $\mathbb{C}^d$, partitioned into $b$ orthogonal bases for $\mathbb{C}^d$ such that the pairwise angle between all vectors from distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-19 Jonathan Jedwab , Lily Yen

We estimate the sizes of the sumset A + A and the productset A $\cdot$ A in the special case that A = S (x, y), the set of positive integers n less than or equal to x, free of prime factors exceeding y.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2010-10-19 William D. Banks , David Covert

Let $A$ be a subset of primes up to $x$. If we assume $A$ is well-distributed (in the Siegel-Walfisz sense) in any arithmetic progressions to moduli $q\leqslant(\log x)^c$ for any $c>0$, then the sumset $A+A$ has density 1/2 in the natural…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-07-31 Ping Xi

First we give an overview of the known supplementary difference sets (SDS) (A_i), i=1..4, with parameters (n;k_i;d), where k_i=|A_i| and each A_i is either symmetric or skew and k_1 + ... + k_4 = n + d. Five new Williamson matrices over the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-02-14 Dragomir Z. Djokovic

We construct finite sets of real numbers that have a small difference set and strong local properties. In particular, we construct a set $A$ of $n$ real numbers such that $|A-A|=n^{\log_2 3}$ and that every subset $A'\subseteq A$ of size…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-27 Sara Fish , Ben Lund , Adam Sheffer

We give conditions under which certain digit-restricted integer sets avoid $k$-term arithmetic progressions. These sets and their harmonic sums can be computed efficiently. Through large-scale search, we identify integer sets avoiding…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Alexander Walker

We prove new results on additive properties of finite sets $A$ with small multiplicative doubling $|AA|\leq M|A|$ in the category of real/complex sets as well as multiplicative subgroups in the prime residue field. The improvements are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Brendan Murphy , Misha Rudnev , Ilya D. Shkredov , Yurii N. Shteinikov

Let $n$ be a positive integer, and let $A$ be a set of $k\ge 2n-1$ integers. For the restricted sumset $$ S_n(A)=\{a_1+\cdots +a_n:\ a_1,\ldots,a_n\in A,\ \text{and}\ a_i^2\neq a_j^2\ \text{for} \ 1\le i<j\le n\}, $$ by a 2002 result of Liu…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-05-22 Xin-Qi Luo , Zhi-Wei Sun

We prove a structural result for sets of integers with doubling at most $4 + \delta$, with $\delta>0$ sufficiently small. This generalises earlier work of Eberhard--Green--Manners which dealt with sets of integers with doubling strictly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Yifan Jing , Akshat Mudgal

Let s,t,m,n be positive integers such that sm=tn. Let M(m,s;n,t) be the number of m x n matrices over {0,1,2,...} with each row summing to s and each column summing to t. Equivalently, M(m,s;n,t) counts 2-way contingency tables of order m x…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-06-12 E. Rodney Canfield , Brendan D. McKay

In the paper we are studying some properties of subsets Q of sums of dissociated sets. The exact upper bound for the number of solutions of the following equation (1) q_1 + ... + q_p = q_{p+1} + ... + q_{2p}, q_i \in Q in groups F_2^n is…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-12-10 I. D. Shkredov

We define two families of expansions of $(\mathbb{Z},+,0)$ by unary predicates, and prove that their theories are superstable of $U$-rank $\omega$. The first family consists of expansions $(\mathbb{Z},+,0,A)$, where $A$ is an infinite…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-05-22 Gabriel Conant

For a positive integer $n$, let $[n]$ denote $\{1, \ldots, n\}$. For a 2-dimensional integer lattice point $\mathbf{b}$ and positive integers $k\geq 2$ and $n$, a \textit{$k$-sum $\mathbf{b}$-free set} of $[n]\times [n]$ is a subset $S$ of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-13 Ilkyoo Choi , Ringi Kim , Boram Park

Fix $A$, a family of subsets of natural numbers, and let $G_A(n)$ be the maximum cardinality of a subset of $\{1,2,..., n\}$ that does not have any subset in $A$. We consider the general problem of giving upper bounds on $G_A(n)$ and give…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Kevin O'Bryant

Let $d \geq 3$ be a natural number. We show that for all finite, non-empty sets $A \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$ that are not contained in a translate of a hyperplane, we have \[ |A-A| \geq (2d-2)|A| - O_d(|A|^{1- \delta}),\] where $\delta >0$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Akshat Mudgal