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In this paper, we compare the performance of different numerical schemes in approximating Pontryagin's Maximum Principle's necessary conditions for the optimal control of nonholonomic systems. Retraction maps are used as a seed to construct…

Geometric numerical integration has recently been exploited to design symplectic accelerated optimization algorithms by simulating the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian systems from the variational framework introduced in Wibisono et al. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-19 Valentin Duruisseaux , Melvin Leok

Recently, continuous-time dynamical systems have proved useful in providing conceptual and quantitative insights into gradient-based optimization, widely used in modern machine learning and statistics. An important question that arises in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-29 Guilherme França , Michael I. Jordan , René Vidal

Symplectic integrators evolve dynamical systems according to modified Hamiltonians whose error terms are also well-defined Hamiltonians. The error of the algorithm is the sum of each error Hamiltonian's perturbation on the exact solution.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Siu A. Chin

The numerical solution of an ordinary differential equation can be interpreted as the exact solution of a nearby modified equation. Investigating the behaviour of numerical solutions by analysing the modified equation is known as backward…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-12 Robert I McLachlan , Christian Offen

Symplectic integrators that preserve the geometric structure of Hamiltonian flows and do not exhibit secular growth in energy errors are suitable for the long-term integration of N-body Hamiltonian systems in the solar system. However, the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-02 Ying Wang , Wei Sun , Fuyao Liu , Xin Wu

We consider the proximal gradient method on Riemannian manifolds for functions that are possibly not geodesically convex. Starting from the forward-backward-splitting, we define an intrinsic variant of the proximal gradient method that uses…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-12 Ronny Bergmann , Hajg Jasa , Paula John , Max Pfeffer

This article considers Hamiltonian mechanical systems with potential functions admitting jump discontinuities. The focus is on accurate and efficient numerical approximations of their solutions, which will be defined via the laws of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-05 Molei Tao , Shi Jin

Dependable numerical results from long-time simulations require stable numerical integration schemes. For Hamiltonian systems, this is achieved with symplectic integrators, which conserve the symplectic condition and exactly solve for the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Stephen D. Webb

We describe the symplectic structure and Hamiltonian dynamics for a class of Grassmannian manifolds. Using the two dimensional sphere ($S^2$) and disc ($D^2$) as illustrative cases, we write their path integral representations using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-01 S. G. Rajeev , S. Kalyana Rama , Siddhartha Sen

We construct a symplectic, globally defined, minimal-coordinate, equivariant integrator on products of 2-spheres. Examples of corresponding Hamiltonian systems, called spin systems, include the reduced free rigid body, the motion of point…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-05-19 Robert I. McLachlan , Klas Modin , Olivier Verdier

In recent decades, there have been many attempts to construct symplectic integrators with variable time steps, with rather disappointing results. In this paper we identify the causes for this lack of performance, and find that they fall…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 A S Richardson , J M Finn

Symplectic integration algorithms are well-suited for long-term integrations of Hamiltonian systems because they preserve the geometric structure of the Hamiltonian flow. However, this desirable property is generally lost when adaptive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-20 Miguel Preto , Scott Tremaine

Numerical methods that preserve geometric invariants of the system, such as energy, momentum or the symplectic form, are called geometric integrators. In this paper we present a method to construct symplectic-momentum integrators for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-07 Leonardo Colombo , Sebastián Ferraro , David Martín de Diego

The symplectic Stiefel manifold, denoted by $\mathrm{Sp}(2p,2n)$, is the set of linear symplectic maps between the standard symplectic spaces $\mathbb{R}^{2p}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$. When $p=n$, it reduces to the well-known set of $2n\times…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Bin Gao , Nguyen Thanh Son , P. -A. Absil , Tatjana Stykel

Numerous problems in optics, quantum physics, stability analysis, and control of dynamical systems can be brought to an optimization problem with matrix variable subjected to the symplecticity constraint. As this constraint nicely forms a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-18 Bin Gao , Nguyen Thanh Son , Tatjana Stykel

We provide a new and simple system of equations for the normal sub-Riemannian geodesics. These use a partial connection that we show is canonically available, given a choice of complement to the distribution. We also describe conditions…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2019-09-17 A. Rod Gover , Jan Slovak

This article explores some geometric and algebraic properties of the dynamical system which is represented by matrix differential equations arising from inertial navigation problems, such as the symplecticity and the orthogonality.…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-02-12 Xin-Long Luo , Geng Sun

Symplectic numerical methods have become a widely-used choice for the accurate simulation of Hamiltonian systems in various fields, including celestial mechanics, molecular dynamics and robotics. Even though their characteristics are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Donát M. Takács , Tamás Fülöp

The mathematical theory underlying Hamiltonian mechanics is called symplectic geometry. So symplectic geometry arose from the roots of mechanics and is seen as one of the most valuable links between physics and mathematics today. Symplectic…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Stefan Goessner