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We survey current developments in the approximation theory of sequence modelling in machine learning. Particular emphasis is placed on classifying existing results for various model architectures through the lens of classical approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Haotian Jiang , Qianxiao Li , Zhong Li , Shida Wang

We overview results on the topic of Poisson approximation that are missed in existing surveys. The topic of Poisson approximation to the distribution of a sum of integer-valued random variables is presented as well. We do not restrict…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-04-12 S. Y. Novak

We study approximations of theories both in general context and with respect to some natural classes of theories. Some kinds of approximations are considered, connections with finitely axiomatizable theories and minimal generating sets of…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-01-28 Sergey Sudoplatov

Approximation theory is concerned with the ability to approximate functions by simpler and more easily calculated functions. The first question we ask in approximation theory concerns the {\it possibility of approximation}. Is the given…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Allan Pinkus

Having a function $f$ and a set of functionals $\{\mathcal{C}_{n}\}$, $c_n^f \equiv \mathcal{C}_n \left(f\right)$, one can interpret function approximation very generally as a construction of some function $\mathcal{A}_{N}^{f}$ such that…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Andrej Liptaj

Rough set theory is a new mathematical approach to imperfect knowledge. The notion of rough sets is generalized by using an arbitrary binary relation on attribute values in information systems, instead of the trivial equality relation. The…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-02-24 M. Abo-Elhamayel

This is a survey paper on the subject of strong uniqueness in approximation theory.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-01-19 Andras Kroo , Allan Pinkus

We seek random versions of some classical theorems on complex approximation by polynomials and rational functions, as well as investigate properties of random compact sets in connection to complex approximation.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2017-09-26 Simon St-Amant , Jérémie Turcotte

This survey paper aims at giving the state of the art in the study of string C-group representations of almost simple groups. It also suggest a series of problems and conjectures to the interested reader.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-13 Dimitri Leemans

We introduce the notion of an approximation system as a generalization of Taylor approximation, and we give some first examples. Next we develop the general theory, including error bounds and a sufficient criterion for convergence. More…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-10-20 Victor A. Pessers , Tom H. Koornwinder

Parameterization and approximation are two popular ways of coping with NP-hard problems. More recently, the two have also been combined to derive many interesting results. We survey developments in the area both from the algorithmic and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Andreas Emil Feldmann , Karthik C. S. , Euiwoong Lee , Pasin Manurangsi

We survey key techniques and results from approximation theory in the context of uniform approximations to real functions such as e^{-x}, 1/x, and x^k. We then present a selection of results demonstrating how such approximations can be used…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-20 Sushant Sachdeva , Nisheeth Vishnoi

Query-based text summarization is an important real world problem that requires to condense the prolix text data into a summary under the guidance of the query information provided by users. The topic has been studied for a long time and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Hang Yu , Jiawei Han

We consider approximation or recovery of functions based on a finite number of function evaluations. This is a well-studied problem in optimal recovery, machine learning, and numerical analysis in general, but many fundamental insights were…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-07 David Krieg , Mario Ullrich

An overview is given of the methods for treating complicated problems without small parameters, when the standard perturbation theory based on the existence of small parameters becomes useless. Such complicated problems are typical of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-07-19 V. I. Yukalov , E. P. Yukalova

Given an arbitrary long but finite sequence of observations from a finite set, we construct a simple process that approximates the sequence, in the sense that with high probability the empirical frequency, as well as the empirical one-step…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Dinah Rosenberg , Eilon Solan , Nicolas Vieille

Approximate computing is a research area where we investigate a wide spectrum of techniques to trade off computation accuracy for better performance or energy consumption. In this work, we provide a general introduction to approximate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-12-12 M. Ammar Ben Khadra

A common statistical task lies in showing asymptotic normality of certain statistics. In many of these situations, classical textbook results on weak convergence theory suffice for the problem at hand. However, there are quite some…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-03-26 Viktor Bengs , Hajo Holzmann

In this chapter, I review the main methods and techniques of complex systems science. As a first step, I distinguish among the broad patterns which recur across complex systems, the topics complex systems science commonly studies, the tools…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

There has been a remarkable increase in work at the interface of computer science and game theory in the past decade. In this article I survey some of the main themes of work in the area, with a focus on the work in computer science. Given…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Joseph Y. Halpern
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