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This is the second paper in a series devoted to developing an arithmetic PDE analogue of Riemannian geometry. In Part 1 arithmetic PDE analogues of Levi-Civita and Chern connections were introduced and studied. In this paper arithmetic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-09 Alexandru Buium , Lance Edward Miller

We reconsider non-degenerate second order superintegrable systems in dimension two as geometric structures on conformal surfaces. This extends a formalism developed by the authors, initially introduced for (pseudo-)Riemannian manifolds of…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-03-15 Jonathan Kress , Konrad Schöbel , Andreas Vollmer

The purpose of this essay is to trace the historical development of geometry while focusing on how we acquired mathematical tools for describing the "shape of the universe." More specifically, our aim is to consider, without a claim to…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Toshikazu Sunada

A method of calculation for the variational derivatives for gravitational actions in the pseudo-Riemannian case is proposed as a practical variant of the first order formalism with constraints. The method is then used to derive the metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-30 Ahmet Baykal

We extend the framework of submanifolds in Riemannian geometry to Riemann-Cartan geometry, which addresses connections with torsion. This procedure naturally introduces a 2-form on submanifolds associated with the nontrivial ambient…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Dongha Lee

A new Riemannian geometry for the Compound Gaussian distribution is proposed. In particular, the Fisher information metric is obtained, along with corresponding geodesics and distance function. This new geometry is applied on a change…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-05-21 Florent Bouchard , Ammar Mian , Jialun Zhou , Salem Said , Guillaume Ginolhac , Yannick Berthoumieu

This is supplementary material for the main Geodesics article by the authors. In Appendix A, we present some general results on the construction of Gaussian random fields. In Appendix B, we restate our Shape Theorem, specialized to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-11 Tom LaGatta , Jan Wehr

Considering Riemannian submersions, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for when sub-Riemannian normal geodesics project to curves of constant first geodesic curvature or constant first and vanishing second geodesic curvatures. We…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-07-18 Mauricio Godoy Molina , Erlend Grong , Irina Markina

This article is a survey of results involving conformal deformation of Riemannian metrics and fully nonlinear equations.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jeff Viaclovsky

Geometric Langlands duality is usually formulated as a statement about Riemann surfaces, but it can be naturally understood as a consequence of electric-magnetic duality of four-dimensional gauge theory. This duality in turn is naturally…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-05-22 Edward Witten

An alternative to the representation of complex relativity by self-dual complex 2-forms on the spacetime manifold is presented by assuming that that the bundle of real 2-forms is given an almost-complex structure. From this, one can define…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 David Delphenich

Geodesics become an essential element of the geometry of a semi-Riemannian manifold. In fact, their differences and similarities with the (positive definite) Riemannian case, constitute the first step to understand semi-Riemannian Geometry.…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2010-03-23 Anna Maria Candela , Miguel Sánchez

The unification of general relativity with quantum theory will also require a coming together of the two quite different mathematical languages of general relativity and quantum theory, i.e., of differential geometry and functional analysis…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 Mikhail Panine , Achim Kempf

We develop some foundations for the theory of formal derived algebraic geometry, which parallel the theory of formal spectral algebraic geometry by Jacob Lurie. For this, we establish a close connection between algebro-geometric objects in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Chang-Yeon Chough

Mostly aimed at an audience with backgrounds in geometry and homological algebra, these notes offer an introduction to derived geometry based on a lecture course given by the second author. The focus is on derived algebraic geometry, mainly…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-09-01 J. Eugster , J. P. Pridham

In the paper, some concepts of modern differential geometry are used as a basis to develop an invariant theory of mechanical systems, including systems with gyroscopic forces. An interpretation of systems with gyroscopic forces in the form…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-03 M. P. Kharlamov

In the present paper, we introduce bi-slant submersions from almost Hermitian manifolds onto Riemannian manifolds as a generalization of invariant, anti-invariant, semi-invariant, slant, semi-slant and hemi-slant Riemannian submersions. We…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Cem Sayar , Mehmet Akif Akyol , Rajendra Prasad

This paper reframes Riemannian geometry as a generalized Lie algebra allowing the equations of both RG and then General Relativity to be expressed as commutation relations among fundamental operators. We begin with an Abelian Lie algebra of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-21 Joseph E. Johnson

Motivated in part by the bi-gravity approach to massive gravity, we introduce and study the multimetric Finsler geometry. For the case of an arbitrary number of dimensions, we study some general properties of the geometry in terms of its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Patrícia Carvalho , Cristian Landri , Ravi Mistry , Aleksandr Pinzul

We introduce a geometrical framework for double field theory in which generalized Riemann and torsion tensors are defined without reference to a particular basis. This invariant geometry provides a unifying framework for the frame-like and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 Olaf Hohm , Barton Zwiebach
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