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A class $\mathcal G$ of graphs is $\chi$-bounded if there is a function $f$ such that for every graph $G\in \mathcal G$ and every induced subgraph $H$ of $G$, $\chi(H)\le f(\omega(H))$. In addition, we say that $\mathcal G$ is polynomially…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-17 Ringi Kim , O-joung Kwon , Sang-il Oum , Vaidy Sivaraman

Let $\mathfrak{S}_n$ denote the symmetric group and let $W(\mathfrak{S}_n)$ denote the weak order of $\mathfrak{S}_n$. Through a surprising connection to a subset of parking functions, which we call unit Fubini rankings, we provide a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Jennifer Elder , Pamela E. Harris , Jan Kretschmann , J. Carlos Martínez Mori

In a parking function, a car is considered lucky if it is able to park in its preferred spot. Extending work of Harris and Martinez, we enumerate outcomes of parking functions with a fixed set of lucky cars. We then consider a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Melanie Ferreri , Pamela E. Harris , Lucy Martinez , Eric Swartz

Tittmann, Averbouch and Makowsky [P. Tittmann, I. Averbouch, J.A. Makowsky, The enumeration of vertex induced subgraphs with respect to the number of components, European Journal of Combinatorics, 32 (2011) 954-974], introduced the subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-03 Yunhua Liao , Yaoping Hou

Interval parking functions (IPFs) are a generalization of ordinary parking functions in which each car is willing to park only in a fixed interval of spaces. Each interval parking function can be expressed as a pair $(a,b)$, where $a$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-10-30 Emma Colaric , Ryan DeMuse , Jeremy L. Martin , Mei Yin

We define the disposition polynomial $R_{m}(x_1, x_2, ..., x_n)$ as $\prod_{k=0}^{m-1}(x_1+x_2+...+x_n+k)$. When $m=n-1$, this polynomial becomes the generating function of plane trees with respect to certain statistics as given by Guo and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-13 William Y. C. Chen , Janet F. F. Peng

The Tutte polynomial is originally a bivariate polynomial enumerating the colorings of a graph and of its dual graph. But it reveals more of the internal structure of the graph like its number of forests, of spanning subgraphs, and of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-06 Hery Randriamaro

In the Fully Leafed Induced Subtrees, one is given a graph $G$ and two integers $a$ and $b$ and the question is to find an induced subtree of $G$ with $a$ vertices and at least $b$ leaves. This problem is known to be NP-complete even when…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Julien Baste

Tutte paths are one of the most successful tools for attacking Hamiltonicity problems in planar graphs. Unfortunately, results based on them are non-constructive, as their proofs inherently use an induction on overlapping subgraphs and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-21 Andreas Schmid , Jens M. Schmidt

The output of a machine learning algorithm can usually be represented by one or more multivariate functions of its input variables. Knowing the global properties of such functions can help in understanding the system that produced the data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-21 Jerome H. Friedman

This paper studies a generalization of parking functions named $k$-Naples parking functions, where backward movement is allowed. One consequence of backward movement is that the number of ascending $k$-Naples is not the same as the number…

The Tutte polynomial of a graph or a matroid, named after W. T. Tutte, has the important universal property that essentially any multiplicative graph or network invariant with a deletion and contraction reduction must be an evaluation of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-02 Criel Merino , Marcelino Ramírez-Ibáñez , Guadalupe Rodríguez Sanchez

It is well-known that every planar graph has a Tutte path, i.e., a path $P$ such that any component of $G-P$ has at most three attachment points on $P$. However, it was only recently shown that such Tutte paths can be found in polynomial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Therese Biedl , Philipp Kindermann

We define an enumerative function F(n,k,P,m) which is a generalization of binomial coefficients. Special cases of this function are also power function, factorials, rising factorials and falling factorials. The first section of the paper is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-01-19 Milan Janjic

We give an analogue of the Tutte polynomial for hypermaps. This polynomial can be defined as either a sum over subhypermaps, or recursively through deletion-contraction reductions where the terminal forms consist of isolated vertices. Our…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-12 Joanna A. Ellis-Monaghan , Iain Moffatt , Steven Noble

In a parking function, a lucky car is a car that parks in its preferred parking spot and the parking outcome is the permutation encoding the order in which the cars park on the street. We give a characterization for the set of parking…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-11 Pamela E. Harris , Lucy Martinez

The aim of this sequence of work is to investigate polynomial equations satisfied by additive functions. As a result of this, new characterization theorems for homomorphisms and derivations can be given. More exactly, in this paper the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-08-31 Eszter Gselmann , Gergely Kiss

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple undirected graph with $n$ vertices then a set partition $\pi=\{V_1, ..., V_k\}$ of the vertex set of $G$ is a connected set partition if each subgraph $G[V_j]$ induced by the blocks $V_j$ of $\pi$ is connected for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Frank Simon , Peter Tittmann , Martin Trinks

A k-valuation is a special type of edge k-colouring of a medial graph. Various graph polynomials, such as the Tutte, Penrose, Bollob\'as-Riordan, and transition polynomials, admit combinatorial interpretations and evaluations as weighted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-20 Joanna A. Ellis-Monaghan , Louis H. Kauffman , Iain Moffatt

We generalize both the notion of polynomial functions on Lie groups and the notion of horizontally affine maps on Carnot groups. We fix a subset $S$ of the algebra $\mathfrak g$ of left-invariant vector fields on a Lie group $\mathbb G$ and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Gioacchino Antonelli , Enrico Le Donne