Related papers: Weighted Hypothesis Testing
Weighted model counting computes the sum of the rational-valued weights associated with the satisfying assignments for a Boolean formula, where the weight of an assignment is given by the product of the weights assigned to the positive and…
Much of science is (rightly or wrongly) driven by hypothesis testing. Even in situations where the hypothesis testing paradigm is correct, the common practice of basing inferences solely on p-values has been under intense criticism for over…
Both, Bayes Theorem and the cMPE-Method serve for establishing relations between systems of probabilities. By the cMPE-Method non-conditional probabilities are added, by the DPE-Method, they are subtracted, however, in both versions…
Positive predictive value and negative predictive value are two widely used parameters to assess the clinical usefulness of a medical diagnostic test. When there are two diagnostic tests, it is recommendable to make a comparative assessment…
High-dimensional tests are applied to find relevant sets of variables and relevant models. If variables are selected by analyzing the sums of products matrices and a corresponding mean-value test is performed, there is the danger that the…
Weighting procedures are used in observational causal inference to adjust for covariate imbalance within the sample. Common practice for inference is to estimate robust standard errors from a weighted regression of outcome on treatment.…
There is growing interest in a hybrid control design in which a randomized controlled trial is augmented with an external control arm from a previous trial or real world data. Existing methods for analyzing hybrid control studies include…
Two procedures for checking Bayesian models are compared using a simple test problem based on the local Hubble expansion. Over four orders of magnitude, p-values derived from a global goodness-of-fit criterion for posterior probability…
We consider the hypothesis testing problem of detecting a shift between the means of two multivariate normal distributions in the high-dimensional setting, allowing for the data dimension p to exceed the sample size n. Specifically, we…
We connect the power of Confidence Intervals in different Frequentist methods to their reliability. We show that in the case of a bounded parameter a biased method which near the boundary has large power in testing the parameter against…
We consider robust estimation of wrapped models to multivariate circular data that are points on the surface of a $p$-torus based on the weighted likelihood methodology.Robust model fitting is achieved by a set of weighted likelihood…
It is quite common in modern research, for a researcher to test many hypotheses. The statistical (frequentist) hypothesis testing framework, does not scale with the number of hypotheses in the sense that naively performing many hypothesis…
As a convention, p-value is often computed in frequentist hypothesis testing and compared with the nominal significance level of 0.05 to determine whether or not to reject the null hypothesis. The smaller the p-value, the more significant…
Pairwise comparison matrices are frequently applied in multi-criteria decision making. A weight vector is called efficient if no other weight vector is at least as good in approximating the elements of the pairwise comparison matrix, and…
A problem faced by many instructors is that of designing exams that accurately assess the abilities of the students. Typically these exams are prepared several days in advance, and generic question scores are used based on rough…
We propose a method for constructing p-values for general hypotheses in a high-dimensional linear model. The hypotheses can be local for testing a single regression parameter or they may be more global involving several up to all…
The standard paired-sample testing approach in the multidimensional setting applies multiple univariate tests on the individual features, followed by p-value adjustments. Such an approach suffers when the data carry numerous features. A…
The large-scale multiple testing inherent to high throughput biological data necessitates very high statistical stringency and thus true effects in data are difficult to detect unless they have high effect sizes. One promising approach for…
The problem of multiple hypothesis testing arises when there are more than one hypothesis to be tested simultaneously for statistical significance. This is a very common situation in many data mining applications. For instance, assessing…
The higher criticism of a family of tests starts with the individual uncorrected p-values of each test. It then requires a procedure for deciding whether the collection of p-values indicates the presence of a real effect and if possible…