Related papers: Forest-like permutations
We find the exponential generating function for permutations with all valleys even and all peaks odd, and use it to determine the asymptotics for its coefficients, answering a question posed by Liviu Nicolaescu. The generating function can…
Given a general multiset $\mathcal{M}=\{1^{m_1},2^{m_2},\ldots,n^{m_n}\}$, where $i$ appears $m_i$ times, a multipermutation $\pi$ of $\mathcal{M}$ is called {\em quasi-Stirling}, if it contains no subword of the form $abab$ with $a\neq b$.…
Let $n$ be a fixed integer with $n\geq 2$. For $i,j\in\mathbb{Z}_n$, define $||i,j||_n$ to be the distance between $i$ and $j$ when the elements of $\mathbb{Z}_n$ are written in a cycle. So $||i,j||_n=\min\{(i-j)\bmod n,(j-i)\bmod n\}$. For…
In this paper, we give a formula for the number of permutations that avoid the split patterns $3|12$ and $23|1$ with respect to a position $r$. Such permutations count the number of Schubert varieties for which the projection map from the…
The space of phylogenetic trees arises naturally in tropical geometry as the tropical Grassmannian. Tropical geometry therefore suggests a natural notion of a tropical path between two trees, given by a tropical line segment in the tropical…
An alternating permutation of length $n$ is a permutation $\pi=\pi_1 \pi_2 ... \pi_n$ such that $\pi_1 < \pi_2 > \pi_3 < \pi_4 > ...$. Let $A_n$ denote set of alternating permutations of ${1,2,..., n}$, and let $A_n(\sigma)$ be set of…
A permutation $\pi \in S_n$ is said to {\it avoid} a permutation $\sigma \in S_k$ whenever $\pi$ contains no subsequence with all of the same pairwise comparisons as $\sigma$. For any set $R$ of permutations, we write $S_n(R)$ to denote the…
A permutation $\pi \in \mathbb{S}_n$ is $k$-balanced if every permutation of order $k$ occurs in $\pi$ equally often, through order-isomorphism. In this paper, we explicitly construct $k$-balanced permutations for $k \le 3$, and every $n$…
Starting with a collection of $n$ oriented polygonal discs, with an even number $N$ of sides in total, we generate a random oriented surface by randomly matching the sides of discs and properly gluing them together. Encoding the surface in…
Given a finitely-generated group $\pi$ and a linear algebraic group $G$, the representation variety Hom$(\pi,G)$ has a natural filtration by the characteristic varieties associated to a rational representation of $G$. Its algebraic…
Binary trees are fundamental objects in models of evolutionary biology and population genetics. Here, we discuss some of their combinatorial and structural properties as they depend on the tree class considered. Furthermore, the process by…
A skew morphism of a finite group $A$ is a permutation $\varphi$ of $A$ fixing the identity element and for which there is an integer-valued function $\pi$ on $A$ such that $\varphi(ab)=\varphi(a)\varphi^{\pi(a)}(b)$ for all $a, b \in A$. A…
A geometric grid class consists of those permutations that can be drawn on a specified set of line segments of slope \pm1 arranged in a rectangular pattern governed by a matrix. Using a mixture of geometric and language theoretic methods,…
Copulas are a powerful tool for modeling multivariate distributions as they allow to separately estimate the univariate marginal distributions and the joint dependency structure. However, known parametric copulas offer limited flexibility…
Although there is no natural internal product for hermitian forms over an algebra with involution of the first kind, we describe how to multiply two $\varepsilon$-hermitian forms to obtain a quadratic form over the base field. This allows…
We construct a new bijection between the set of $n\times k$ $0$-$1$ matrices with no three $1$'s forming a $\Gamma$ configuration and the set of $(n,k)$-Callan sequences, a simple structure counted by poly-Bernoulli numbers. We give two…
Tree-width is an invaluable tool for computational problems on graphs. But often one would like to compute on other kinds of objects (e.g. decorated graphs or even algebraic structures) where there is no known tree-width analogue. Here we…
A permutation sigma in Sn is a k-derangement if for any subset X = {a1, . . ., ak} \subseteq [n], {sigma(a1), . . ., sigma(ak)} is not equal to X. One can form the k-derangement graph on the set of permutations of Sn by connecting two…
A matching complex of a simple graph $G$ is a simplicial complex with faces given by the matchings of $G$. The topology of matching complexes is mysterious; there are few graphs for which the homotopy type is known. Marietti and Testa…
The theory of Hubbard trees provides an effective classification of non-linear post-critically finite polynomial maps from \C to itself. This note will extend this classification to the case of maps from a finite union of copies of \C to…