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The non-singlet helicity quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the nucleon are determined from lattice QCD, by jointly leveraging pseudo-distributions and the distillation spatial smearing paradigm. A Lorentz decomposition of…

This paper proposes a comprehensive and unprecedented framework that streamlines the derivation of exact, compact -- yet tractable -- solutions for the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the sum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-04 Fernando Darío Almeida García , Michel Daoud Yacoub , José Cândido Silveira Santos Filho

The product of M complex random Gaussian matrices of size N has recently been studied by Akemann, Kieburg and Wei. They showed that, for fixed M and N, the joint probability distribution for the squared singular values of the product matrix…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Lun Zhang

We investigate spacing statistics $p(s)$ and distribution of eigenvalues $D(\epsilon)$ for ensembles of various real random matrices (of order $n \times n, n=2$ and $n>>2$) where the matrix-elements have various Probability Distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-24 Sachin Kumar , Zafar Ahmed

We consider the reduced density matrix $\rho_{A}^{(m)}$ of a bipartite system $AB$ of dimensionality $mn$ in a Gaussian ensemble of random, complex pure states of the composite system. For a given dimensionality $m$ of the subsystem $A$,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-28 B. Sharmila , V. Balakrishnan , S. Lakshmibala

In this paper, we analyse singular values of a large $p\times n$ data matrix $\mathbf{X}_n= (\mathbf{x}_{n1},\ldots,\mathbf{x}_{nn})$ where the column $\mathbf{x}_{nj}$'s are independent $p$-dimensional vectors, possibly with different…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Tianxing Mei , Chen Wang , Jianfeng Yao

This paper outlines an approach to the approximation of probability density functions by quadratic forms of weighted orthonormal basis functions with positive semi-definite Hermitian matrices of unit trace. Such matrices are called…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-11-17 Igor G. Vladimirov

Two types of parameter dependent generalizations of classical matrix ensembles are defined by their probability density functions (PDFs). As the parameter is varied, one interpolates between the eigenvalue PDF for the superposition of two…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter J. Forrester , Eric M. Rains

Let $\mathbf{W}$ be a correlated complex non-central Wishart matrix defined through $\mathbf{W}=\mathbf{X}^H\mathbf{X}$, where $\mathbf{X}$ is $n\times m \, (n\geq m)$ complex Gaussian with non-zero mean $\boldsymbol{\Upsilon}$ and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Prathapasinghe Dharmawansa , Matthew R. McKay

We study the joint probability density of the eigenvalues of a product of rectangular real, complex or quaternion random matrices in a unified way. The random matrices are distributed according to arbitrary probability densities, whose only…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-17 J. R. Ipsen , M. Kieburg

The sum of independent Wishart matrices, taken from distributions with unequal covariance matrices, plays a crucial role in multivariate statistics, and has applications in the fields of quantitative finance and telecommunication. However,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-09-23 Santosh Kumar

While the Matrix Generalized Inverse Gaussian ($\mathcal{MGIG}$) distribution arises naturally in some settings as a distribution over symmetric positive semi-definite matrices, certain key properties of the distribution and effective ways…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-23 Farideh Fazayeli , Arindam Banerjee

The probability density function (PDF) of a random variable associated with the solution of a partial differential equation (PDE) with random parameters is approximated using a truncated series expansion. The random PDE is solved using two…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-25 Giacomo Capodaglio , Max Gunzburger , Henry P. Wynn

It is well known that the ratio of two independent standard Gaussian random variables follows a Cauchy distribution. Any convex combination of independent standard Cauchy random variables also follows a Cauchy distribution. In a recent…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-04 Natesh S. Pillai

The probability distribution function (PDF) of the mass surface density is an essential characteristic of the structure of molecular clouds or the interstellar medium in general. Observations of the PDF of molecular clouds indicate a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Joerg Fischera

We consider four nontrivial ensembles involving Gaussian Wigner and Wishart matrices. These are relevant to problems ranging from multiantenna communication to random supergravity. We derive the matrix probability density, as well as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-09-16 Santosh Kumar

Parton distribution functions (PDFs) form an essential part of particle physics calculations. Currently, the most precise predictions for these non-perturbative functions are generated through fits to global data. A problem that several PDF…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-04 Mengshi Yan , Tie-Jiun Hou , Zhao Li , Kirtimaan Mohan , C. -P. Yuan

We discuss a Bayesian methodology for the solution of the inverse problem underlying the determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs). In our approach, Gaussian Processes (GPs) are used to model the PDF prior, while Bayes theorem…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-03 Alessandro Candido , Luigi Del Debbio , Tommaso Giani , Giacomo Petrillo

Pencils of Hankel matrices whose elements have a joint Gaussian distribution with nonzero mean and not identical covariance are considered. An approximation to the distribution of the squared modulus of their determinant is computed which…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-09-28 Piero Barone

This paper investigates probability density functions (PDFs) that are continuous everywhere, nearly uniform around the mode of distribution, and adaptable to a variety of distribution shapes ranging from bell-shaped to rectangular. From the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Osamu Fujita