Related papers: Riordan Paths and Derangements
In this note, we explore links between Riordan arrays and lattice paths. We begin by describing Riordan arrays, and some of their generalizations, including rectifications and triangulations. We the consider Riordan array links to lattice…
In this paper, we study symmetric lattice paths. Let $d_{n}$, $m_{n}$, and $s_{n}$ denote the number of symmetric Dyck paths, symmetric Motzkin paths, and symmetric Schr\"oder paths of length $2n$, respectively. By using Riordan group…
A bargraph is a self-avoiding lattice path with steps $U=(0,1)$, $H=(1,0)$ and $D=(0,-1)$ that starts at the origin and ends on the $x$-axis, and stays strictly above the $x$-axis everywhere except at the endpoints. Bargraphs have been…
Random walks are a series of up, down, and level steps that enumerate distinct paths from $(0,0)$ to $(2n,0)$, where $n$ is the semi-length of the path. We used these paths to analyze Catalan, Schr\"{o}der, and Motzkin number sequences…
We introduce a method for describing Riordan matrices via recurrence relations along their diagonals. This provides a new structural description that complements the classical row-wise and column-wise constructions via the A-sequence. As an…
Motzkin paths consist of up-steps, down-steps, horizontal steps, never go below the $x$-axis and return to the $x$-axis. Versions where the return to the $x$-axis isn't required are also considered. A path is peakless (valleyless) if $UD$…
A partial Motzkin path is a path from $(0, 0)$ to $(n, k)$ in the $XOY$-plane that does not go below the $X$-axis and consists of up steps $U=(1, 1)$, down steps $D=(1, -1)$ and horizontal steps $H=(1, 0)$. A weighted partial Motzkin path…
Noncrossing linked partitions arise in the study of certain transforms in free probability theory. We explore the connection between noncrossing linked partitions and colored Motzkin paths. A (3,2)-Motzkin path can be viewed as a colored…
We show bijectively that Dyck paths with all peaks at odd height are counted by the Motzkin numbers and Dyck paths with all peaks at even height are counted by the Riordan numbers.
Motzkin paths of order-$\ell$ are a generalization of Motzkin paths that use steps $U=(1,1)$, $L=(1,0)$, and $D_i=(1,-i)$ for every positive integer $i \leq \ell$. We further generalize order-$\ell$ Motzkin paths by allowing for various…
We use the inversion of coefficient arrays to define dual polynomials to the Fibonacci and Catalan-Fibonacci polynomials, and we explore the properties of these new polynomials sequences. Many of the arrays involved are Riordan arrays.…
We approach Riordan arrays and their generalizations via umbral symbolic methods. This new approach allows us to derive fundamental aspects of the theory of Riordan arrays as immediate consequences of the umbral version of the classical…
Motzkin paths consist of up-steps, down-steps, level-steps, and never go below the $x$-axis. They return to the $x$-axis at the end. The concept of skew Dyck path \cite{Deutsch-italy} is transferred to skew Motzkin paths, namely, a left…
We give a combinatorial interpretation of a matrix identity on Catalan numbers and the sequence $(1, 4, 4^2, 4^3, ...)$ which has been derived by Shapiro, Woan and Getu by using Riordan arrays. By giving a bijection between weighted partial…
The Gessel number $P(n,r)$ represents the number of lattice paths in a plane with unit horizontal and vertical steps from $(0,0)$ to $(n+r,n+r-1)$ that never touch any of the points from the set $\{(x,x)\in \mathbb{Z}^2: x \geq r\}$. In…
Motzkin paths are simple yet important combinatorial objects. In this paper, we consider families of Motzkin paths with restrictions on peak heights, valley heights, upward-run lengths, downward-run lengths, and flat-run lengths. This paper…
In this paper, we investigate the weighted Catalan, Motzkin and Schr\"oder numbers together with the corresponding weighted paths. The relation between these numbers is illustrated by three equations, which also lead to some known and new…
A {\em Motzkin path} of length $n$ is a lattice path from $(0,0)$ to $(n,0)$ in the plane integer lattice $\mathbb{Z}\times\mathbb{Z}$ consisting of horizontal-steps $(1, 0)$, up-steps $(1,1)$, and down-steps $(1,-1)$, which never passes…
In this note, we show how to define certain Riordan arrays, that we call the Fuss-Catalan-Riordan arrays, by means of a special family of $d$-orthogonal polynomials. We relate the Fuss-Catalan Riordan arrays to the Fuss Catalan numbers, and…
We relate the combinatorics of periodic generalized Dyck and Motzkin paths to the cluster coefficients of particles obeying generalized exclusion statistics, and obtain explicit expressions for the counting of paths with a fixed number of…