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Starting from classical algebraic geometry over the complex numbers (as it can be found for example in Griffiths and Harris it was the goal of these lectures to introduce some concepts of the modern point of view in algebraic geometry. Of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-02-03 Martin Schlichenmaier

A generalization of metric space is presented which is shown to admit a theory strongly related to that of ordinary metric spaces. To avoid the topological effects related to dropping any of the axioms of metric space, first a new, and…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2012-01-20 Ittay Weiss

Toposes can be pictured as mathematical universes. Besides the standard topos, in which most of mathematics unfolds, there is a colorful host of alternate toposes in which mathematics plays out slightly differently. For instance, there are…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-04-05 Ingo Blechschmidt

Geometric algebra is the natural outgrowth of the concept of a vector and the addition of vectors. After reviewing the properties of the addition of vectors, a multiplication of vectors is introduced in such a way that it encodes the famous…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-02-23 Sergio Ramos Ramirez , Jose Alfonso Juarez Gonzalez , Garret Sobczyk

Euclidean geometry has historically played a central role in cultivating logical reasoning and abstract thinking within mathematics education, but has experienced waning emphasis in recent curricula. The resurgence of interest, driven by…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Michael Bouzinier , Sergey Trifonov , Matthew Chen , Tarun Venkatesh , Lielle Rifkin

This book is a textbook for the course of foundations of geometry. It is addressed to mathematics students in Universities and to High School students for deeper learning the elementary geometry. It can also be used in mathematics coteries…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ruslan Sharipov

This text is a short but comprehensive introduction to the basics of supergeometry and includes some of the recent advances in colored supergeometry. We do not aim for a standard text that states results and proves them more or less…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-07-27 Norbert Poncin , Sarah Schouten

A pedagogical but concise overview of Riemannian geometry is provided, in the context of usage in physics. The emphasis is on defining and visualizing concepts and relationships between them, as well as listing common confusions,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-19 Adam Marsh

We show that Euclidean geometry in suitably high dimension can be expressed as a theory of orthogonality of subspaces with fixed dimensions and fixed dimension of their meet.

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2012-03-14 J. Konarzewski , M. Żynel

By recasting metrical geometry in a purely algebraic setting, both Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries can be studied over a general field with an arbitrary quadratic form. Both an affine and a projective version of this new theory are…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Norman J. Wildberger

Constructive-deductive method for plane Euclidean geometry is proposed and formalized within Coq Proof Assistant. This method includes both postulates that describe elementary constructions by idealized geometric tools (pencil, straightedge…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-03-14 Evgeny V. Ivashkevich

Axiomatizing mathematical structures is a goal of Mathematical Logic. Axiomatizability of the theories of some structures have turned out to be quite difficult and challenging, and some remain open. However axiomatization of some…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Saeed Salehi

We present alternative postulates for Euclidean geometry whose merit is that they lead to a new class of invariants and associated geometries for real finite-dimensional unital associative algebras.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Fred Greensite

This paper examines various methods and ideas for humanizing mathematics. The term 'humanizing mathematics' which includes elements of 'aesthetic mathematics' refers to approaches that emphasize the aesthetic, philosophical, and subjective…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-01-13 Takao Inoué

The purpose of this essay is to trace the historical development of geometry while focusing on how we acquired mathematical tools for describing the "shape of the universe." More specifically, our aim is to consider, without a claim to…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Toshikazu Sunada

In this paper I present a kind of proof for classical Euclidean geometric problems which relies on both synthetic and analytic geometry. Using the elementary tools of polynomial algebra and multivariate calculus we manage to reduce the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Davide Antonio Nello Maran

Mathematical objects are generally abstract and not very approachable. Illustrations and interactive visualizations help both students and professionals to comprehend mathematical material and to work with it. This approach lends itself…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2022-05-16 Martin Skrodzki

Since the subject of noncommutative geometry is now entering maturity, we felt there is need for presentation of the material at an undergraduate course level. Our review is a zero order approximation to this project. Thus, the present…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniela Bigatti

In this paper we will do the following: (1) show how to geometrically define multiplication, using only basic plane geometry, independently of area and any notion of similar triangles; (2) prove all the properties of multiplication using…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-10-16 Peter F. McLoughlin , Maria Droujkova

Geometric mechanics is usually studied in applied mathematics and most introductory texts are hence aimed at a mathematically minded audience. The present note tries to provide the intuition of geometric mechanics and to show the relevance…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-06-18 Christian Lessig