Related papers: A Polynomial Invariant for Flat Virtual Links
Kashaev and Reshetikhin previously described a way to define holonomy invariants of knots using quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at a root of unity. These are generalized quantum invariants depend both on a knot $K$ and a representation of the…
We extend Bar-Natan's cobordism based categorification of the Jones polynomial to virtual links. Our topological complex allows a direct extension of the classical Khovanov complex ($h=t=0$), the variant of Lee ($h=0,t=1$) and other…
We generalize Turaev's definition of torsion invariants of pairs (M,x), where M is a 3-dimensional manifold and x is an Euler structure on M (a non-singular vector field up to homotopy relative to bM and local modifications in int(M).…
Milnor's $\bar{\mu}$-invariants of links in the $3$-sphere $S^3$ vanish on any link concordant to a boundary link. In particular, they are trivial on any knot in $S^3$. Here we consider knots in thickened surfaces $\Sigma \times [0,1]$,…
Invariants for complicated objects such as those arising in phylogenetics, whether they are invariants as matrices, polynomials, or other mathematical structures, are important tools for distinguishing and working with such objects. In this…
Virtual knots are associated with knot diagrams, which are not obligatory planar. The recently suggested generalization from N=2 to arbitrary N of the Kauffman-Khovanov calculus of cycles in resolved diagrams can be straightforwardly…
In this work, we study the interlace polynomial as a generalization of a graph invariant to delta-matroids. We prove that the interlace polynomial satisfies the four-term relation for delta-matroids and determines thus a finite type…
Let $(V,Z)$ be a Topological Quantum Field Theory over a field $f$ defined on a cobordism category whose morphisms are oriented $n+1$-manifolds perhaps with extra structure. Let $(M,\chi)$ be a closed oriented $n+1$-manifold $M$ with this…
Given a virtual knot $K$, we construct a group $VG_K$ called the virtual knot group, and we use the elementary ideals of $VG_K$ to define invariants of $K$ called the virtual Alexander invariants. For instance, associated to the $k=0$ ideal…
Picture-valued invariants are the main achievement of parity theory by V.O. Manturov. In the paper we give a general description of such invariants which can be assigned to a parity (in general, a trait) on diagram crossings. We distinguish…
We define a family of virtual knots generalizing the classical twist knots. We develop a recursive formula for the Alexander polynomial $\Delta_0$ (as defined by Silver and Williams) of these virtual twist knots. These results are applied…
An explicit polynomial in the linking numbers $l_{ij}$ and Milnor's triple linking numbers $\mu(rst)$ on six component links is shown to be a well-defined finite type link-homotopy invariant. This solves a problem raised by B. Mellor and D.…
We introduce the concept of a relative Tutte polynomial of colored graphs. We show that this relative Tutte polynomial can be computed in a way similar to the classical spanning tree expansion used by Tutte in his original paper on this…
A virtual string can be defined as an equivalence class of planar diagrams under certain kinds of diagrammatic moves. Virtual strings are related to virtual knots in that a simple operation on a virtual knot diagram produces a diagram for a…
We introduce a theory of virtual Legendrian knots. A virtual Legendrian knot is a cooriented wavefront on an oriented surface up to Legendrian isotopy of its lift to the unit cotangent bundle and stabilization and destablization of the…
For a virtual knot $K$ and an integer $r$ with $r\geq2$, we introduce a method of constructing an $r$-component virtual link $L(K;r)$, which we call the $r$-multiplexing of $K$. Every invariant of $L(K;r)$ is an invariant of $K$. We give a…
We introduce stable equivalence classes of oriented links in orientable three-manifolds that are orientation $I$-bundles over closed but not necessarily orientable surfaces. We call these twisted links, and show that they subsume the…
In this thesis we work with Khovanov homology of links and its generalizations, as well as with the homology of graphs. Khovanov homology of links consists of graded chain complexes which are link invariants, up to chain homotopy, with…
X.S. Lin's original definition of twisted Alexander knot polynomial is generalized for arbitrary finitely presented groups. J. Cha's fibering obstruction theorem is generalized. The group of a nontrivial virtual knot shown by L. Kauffman to…
We give a criterion to detect whether the derivatives of the HOMFLY polynomial at a point is a Vassiliev invariant or not. In particular, for a complex number b we show that the derivative P_K^{(m,n)}(b,0)=d^m/da^m d^n/dx^n P_K(a,x)|(a, x)…