Related papers: Virtual Spatial Graphs
This article surveys the use of configuration space integrals in the study of the topology of knot and link spaces. The main focus is the exposition of how these integrals produce finite type invariants of classical knots and links. More…
In [14], the second named author constructed the bracket invariant [.] of virtual knots valued in pictures (linear combinations of virtual knot diagrams with some crossing information omitted), such that for many diagrams K, the following…
Using von Neumann algebras, we extend the theory of quantum computation on a graph to a theory of computation on an arbitrary topological space.
We construct various functorial maps (projections) from virtual knots to classical knots. These maps are defined on diagrams of virtual knots; in terms of Gauss diagram each of them can be represented as a deletion of some chords. The…
We introduce a theory of virtual Legendrian knots. A virtual Legendrian knot is a cooriented wavefront on an oriented surface up to Legendrian isotopy of its lift to the unit cotangent bundle and stabilization and destablization of the…
It is hard to imagine curved spacetimes of General Relativity. A simple but powerful way how to achieve this is visualizing them via embedding diagrams of both ordinary geometry and optical reference geometry. They facilitate to gain an…
In this paper, we present a brief overview of the concept of doodles from the perspective of J.S. Carter's work on classifying immersed curves and the work of J.S. Carter, S. Kamada, and M. Saito on stable equivalence of knots on surfaces…
We define new invariants of knots by means of quandle colorings and longitudinal information. These invariants can be applied to a tangle embedding problem and recognizing non-classical virtual knots.
A book Chapter consisting of some of the main areas of research in graph theory applied to physics. It includes graphs in condensed matter theory, such as the tight-binding and the Hubbard model. It follows the study of graph theory and…
Knots are deeply entangled with every branch of science. One of the biggest open challenges in knot theory is to formalise a knot invariant that can unambiguously and efficiently distinguish any two knotted curves. Additionally, the…
We introduce a new combinatorial method to encode knots and links with applications to knot invariants. Clasp diagrams defined in this paper are combinatorial blueprints for building knot diagrams out of full twists on two strings rather…
Recent work on the loop representation of quantum gravity has revealed previously unsuspected connections between knot theory and quantum gravity, or more generally, 3-dimensional topology and 4-dimensional generally covariant physics. We…
We study tangle replacement in the context of spatial graphs. The main results show that, for certain spatial handcuff graphs, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the neighborhood equivalence classes of the spatial graphs obtained…
We review quantum field theory approach to the knot theory. Using holomorphic gauge we obtain the Kontsevich integral. It is explained how to calculate Vassiliev invariants and coefficients in Kontsevich integral in a combinatorial way…
We introduce twelve polynomial invariants for long virtual knots, called intersection polynomials, extending and refining the three intersection polynomials for virtual knots. They are defined via intersection numbers of cycles on a closed…
This paper describes a polynomial invariant of virtual knots that is defined in terms of an integer labeling of the virtual knot diagram. This labeling is seen to derive from an essentially unique structure of affine flat biquandle for flat…
Multicrossings, which have previously been defined for classical knots and links, are extended to virtual knots and links. In particular, petal diagrams are shown to exist for all virtual knots.
Embedding static graphs in low-dimensional vector spaces plays a key role in network analytics and inference, supporting applications like node classification, link prediction, and graph visualization. However, many real-world networks…
In this paper, we introduce a novel way to use geometric deep learning for knot data by constructing a functor that takes knots to graphs and using graph neural networks. We will attempt to predict several knot invariants with this…
In this paper, we introduce \textit{graph-pretzel links}, a generalization of classical pretzel links based on spatial graph projections. As our main result, we investigate a subfamily associated with the complete graph on four vertices to…