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Recent experiments have successfully tested Einstein's general theory of relativity to remarkable precision. We discuss recent progress in the tests of relativistic gravity in the solar system and present motivations for the new generation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 Slava G. Turyshev

Einstein's theory of General Relativity is one of the pillars of modern physics. For decades, the theory has been mainly tested in the weak field regime with experiments in the Solar System and observations of binary pulsars. Thanks to a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-06 Cosimo Bambi

There exists some confusion, as evidenced in the literature, regarding the nature of the gravitational field in Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. It is argued here the this confusion is a result of a change in interpretation of the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter M. Brown

To explore the properties of space and initial singularities in the context of general relativity, where spacetime becomes poorly defined and no longer belongs to a regular manifold, we examine the evolution of the expansion of timelike…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-04 Abdel Nasser Tawfik , Azzah A. Alshehri , Antonio Pasqua

Jean-Marc Ginoux's recent book, "Poincar\'e, Einstein and the Discovery of Special Relativity: An End to the Controversy" (2024), seeks to close the debate over the respective roles of Poincar\'e and Einstein. Yet what is presented as an…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Galina Weinstein

Recent research in the geometric formulation of quantum theory has implied that Weyl Geometry can be used to merge quantum theory and general relativity consistently as classical field theories. In the Weyl Geometric framework, it seems…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-28 Sijo K. Joseph

Here show that, pure affine actions based solely on the Riemann curvature tensor lead to Einstein field equations for gravitation. The matter and radiation involved are general enough to impose no restrictions on material dynamics or vacuum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-27 Durmus Demir , Oktay Dogangun , Tonguc Rador , Selin Soysal

Einstein's General Relativity (GR) is possibly one of the greatest intellectual achievements ever conceived by the human mind. In fact, over the last century, GR has proven to be an extremely successful theory, with a well established…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-28 Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo

Relying on a fundamental empirical identity of heavy and inertial mass it is proposed to bring a status of general theory of relativity (GTR) of Einstein up to a level of Unified Field Theory. To do this, a thoroughgoing revision of…

General Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Boris Mordvinov

We test Einstein gravity using cosmological observations of both expansion and structure growth, including the latest data from supernovae (Union2.1), CMB (WMAP7), weak lensing (CFHTLS) and peculiar velocity of galaxies (WiggleZ). We fit…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-21 Gong-Bo Zhao , Hong Li , Eric V. Linder , Kazuya Koyama , David J. Bacon , Xinmin Zhang

One hundred years ago this year attempts began to generalise general relativity with the ambition of incorporating electromagnetism alongside gravitation in a unified field theory. These developments led to gauge theories and models with…

General Physics · Physics 2018-09-17 David J. Jackson

It seems likely that the generalized Einstein equations are not complete and only partly account for the effect on the Universe dynamics of that part of the energy of the space environment the change of which is purely geometric. There are…

General Physics · Physics 2012-06-04 A. V. Klimenko , V. A. Klimenko

Many of the technical complications associated with the general theory of relativity ultimately stem from the nonlinearity of Einstein's equation. It is shown here that an appropriate choice of dynamical variables may be used to eliminate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-07 Abraham I. Harte

While many observations support the validity of Einstein's general relativity as the theory of gravity, there are yet many that suggest the presence of new physics. In order to explain the high-redshift supernovae Ia observations together…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 R. G. Vishwakarma

A hundred years ago, two British expeditions measured the deflection of starlight by the sun's gravitational field, confirming the prediction made by Einstein's General theory of Relativity. One hundred years later many physicists around…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-01-15 Jorge L. Cervantes-Cota , Salvador Galindo-Uribarri , George F. Smoot

We develop the General Theory of Relativity in a formalism with extended causality that describes physical interaction through discrete, transversal and localized pointlike fields. The homogeneous field equations are then solved for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Manoelito M. de Souza , Robson N. Silveira

Aristotle has split physics at the sphere of the moon; above this sphere there is no change except eternal spherical motion, below are two different kinds of motion: Natural motion (without specific cause) and enforced motion. In modern…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-04-25 Herbert Pietschmann

So far, the most magnificent breakthrough in mathematics in the 21st century is the Geometrization Theorem, a bold conjecture by William Thurston (generalizing Poincar\'e's Conjecture) and proved by Grigory Perelman, based on the program…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Izabella Muraro de Freitas , Álvaro Krüger Ramos

The concept of number and its generalization has played a central role in the development of mathematics over many centuries and many civilizations. Noteworthy milestones in this long and arduous process were the developments of the real…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-10-02 Garret Sobczyk

While it is generally agreed that the nature of spacetime must be drastically different at the Planck scale, it has been a common practice to assume that spacetime is endowed with a full pseudo-Riemannian geometry regardless of the physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-29 Kaća Bradonjić