Related papers: Liouville Random functions and normal sets

The {\em Liouville function} is defined by $\gl(n):=(-1)^{\Omega(n)}$ where $\Omega(n)$ is the number of prime divisors of $n$ counting multiplicity. Let $\z_m:=e^{2\pi i/m}$ be a primitive $m$--th root of unity. As a generalization of…

In 1953 LeVeque proved the existence of $U_m$-numbers by showing that for some specially defined Liouville number $\lambda$, the $m$th root $\lambda^{1/m}$ is in $U_m$. In this article we study the following question: let $u$ be an…

If there is a topologically locally constant family of smooth algebraic varieties together with an admissible normal function on the total space, then the latter is constant on any fiber if this holds on some fiber. Combined with spreading…

Under mild assumptions, we establish a Liouville theorem for the "Laplace" equation $Au=0$ associated with the infinitesimal generator $A$ of a L\'evy process: If $u$ is a weak solution to $Au=0$ which is at most of (suitable) polynomial…

Let $\lambda(n)$ and $\mu(n)$ denote the Liouville function and the M\"obius function, respectively. In this study, relationships between the values of $\lambda(n)$ and $\lambda(n+h)$ up to $n\leq10^8$ for $1\leq h\leq1,000$ are explored.…

Fix an irrational number $\alpha$, and consider a random walk on the circle in which at each step one moves to $x+\alpha$ or $x-\alpha$ with probabilities $1/2, 1/2$ provided the current position is $x$. If an observable is given we can…

Let $\mu$ and $\nu$ be probability measures on a group \Gamma and let G_\mu and G_\nu denote Green's function with respect to \mu and \nu . The group \Gamma is said to admit instability of Green's function if there are symmetric, finitely…

An irreducible polynomial over $\Bbb F_q$ is said to be normal over $\Bbb F_q$ if its roots are linearly independent over $\Bbb F_q$. We show that there is a polynomial $h_n(X_1,\dots,X_n)\in\Bbb Z[X_1,\dots,X_n]$, independent of $q$, such…

Liouville theorems for scaling invariant nonlinear elliptic systems (saying that the system does not possess nontrivial entire solutions) guarantee a priori estimates of solutions of related, more general systems. Assume that $p=2q+3>1$ is…

We obtain asymptotic representations as $\lambda \to \infty$ in the upper and lower half-planes for the solutions of the Sturm--Liouville equation $$ -y"+p(x)y'+q(x)y= \lambda ^2 \rho(x)y, \qquad x\in [a,b] \subset \mathbb{R}, $$ under the…

Let $G$ be a locally compact group and $E$ be a $G$-space. An irreducible probability measure $\mu$ on $G$ is said to have Liouville property on $E$ if $G$-invariant functions on $E$ are the only continuous bounded functions on $E$ that…

In this paper we study solutions, possibly unbounded and sign-changing, of the following problem: -\D_{\lambda} u=|x|_{\lambda}^a |u|^{p-1}u, in R^n,\;n\geq 1,\; p>1, and a \geq 0, where \D_{\lambda} is a strongly degenerate elliptic…

Let $\mu_{q+1}$ denote the set of $(q+1)$-th roots of unity in $\mathbb{F}_{q^2 }$. We construct permutation polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_{q^2}$ by using rational functions of any degree that induce bijections either on $\mu_{q+1}$ or…

In this paper, we prove the following result. Let $\alpha$ be any real number between $0$ and $2$. Assume that $u$ is a solution of $$ \left\{\begin{array}{ll} (-\Delta)^{\alpha/2} u(x) = 0 , \;\; x \in \mathbb{R}^n ,\\…

In this note we give a short and self-contained proof that, for any $\delta > 0$, $\sum_{x \leq n \leq x+x^\delta} \lambda(n) = o(x^\delta)$ for almost all $x \in [X, 2X]$. We also sketch a proof of a generalization of such a result to…

{\em The Liouville number}, denoted $l$, is defined by $$l:=0.100101011101101111100...,$$ where the $n$th bit is given by ${1/2}(1+\gl(n))$; here $\gl$ is the Liouville function for the parity of prime divisors of $n$. Presumably the…

In the paper we consider singular spectral Sturm--Liouville problem $-(py')'+(q-\lambda r)y=0$, $(U-1)y^{\vee}+i(U+1)y^{\wedge}=0$, where function $p\in L_{\infty}[0,1]$ is uniformly positive, generalized functions $q,r\in W_2^{-1}[0,1]$…

Let $\lambda$ denote the Liouville function for function fields. We prove that for a fixed $q$, given $h \ll \sqrt{N}$ and $h(N) \to \infty$ arbitrarily slowly as $N \to \infty$, then \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{q^N}\sum_{G_0 \in…

We introduce several classes of monoids satisfying up to five axioms and establish basic theories on their arithmetics. The one satisfying all the axioms is named natural monoid. Two typical examples are 1) the monoid $\mathbb{N}$ of…

We examine the weighted elliptic system \begin{equation*} \begin{cases} -\Delta u=(1+|x|^2)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}} v,\\ -\Delta v=(1+|x|^2)^{\frac{\alpha}{2}} u^p, \end{cases} \quad \mbox{in}\;\ \mathbb{R}^N, \end{equation*}where $N \ge 5$,…