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We study combinatorics of billiard partitions which arose recently in the description of periodic trajectories of ellipsoidal billiards in d-dimensional Euclidean and pseudo-Euclidean spaces. Such partitions uniquely codify the sets of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-06 George E. Andrews , Vladimir Dragovic , Milena Radnovic

Periodic billiard orbits are dense in the phase space of an irrational right triangle. A stronger pointwise density result is also proven.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Serge Troubetzkoy

Periodic solutions of the three body problem are very important for understanding its dynamics either in a theoretical framework or in various applications in celestial mechanics. In this paper we discuss the computation and continuation of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-04 George Voyatzis

In the helium case of the classical Coulomb three-body problem in two dimensions with zero angular momentum, we develop a procedure to find periodic orbits applying two symbolic dynamics for one-dimensional and planar problems. A sequence…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2008-06-17 Mitsusada M. Sano , Kiyotaka Tanikawa

In this article, we study polygonal symplectic billiards. We provide new results, some of which are inspired by numerical investigations. In particular, we present several polygons for which all orbits are periodic. We demonstrate their…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-12-20 Peter Albers , Gautam Banhatti , Filip Sadlo , Richard Schwartz , Serge Tabachnikov

We study the geometry of billiard orbits on rectangular billiards. A truncated billiard orbit induces a partition of the rectangle into polygons. We prove that thirteen is a sharp upper bound for the number of different areas of these…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-08 Henk Don

We investigate the natural families of periodic orbits associated with the equilibrium configurations of the the planar restricted $1+n$ body problem for the case $2\leq n \leq 4$ equal mass satellites. Such periodic orbits can be used to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-02 Patricia Verrier , Colin McInnes

The discovery of binary and triple asteroids in addition to the execution of space missions to minor celestial bodies in the past several years have focused increasing attention on periodic orbits around irregular-shaped celestial bodies.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-01 Yu Jiang , Hexi Baoyin

We introduce a new equivalence relation on the set of all polygonal billiards. We say that two billiards (or polygons) are order equivalent if each of the billiards has an orbit whose footpoints are dense in the boundary and the two…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-01-19 Jozef Bobok , Serge Troubetzkoy

We present the results of a numerical search for periodic orbits of three equal masses moving in a plane under the influence of Newtonian gravity, with zero angular momentum. A topological method is used to classify periodic three-body…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-03-19 Milovan Šuvakov , V. Dmitrašinović

An analytical approximation to periodic orbits in the circular restricted three-body problem is provided. The formulation given in this work is based in calculations known from classical mechanics, but with the addition of the necessary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Erick Nagel , Barbara Pichardo

An existence of an aperiodic point for outer billiard outside regular dodecagon is proved. Additionally, almost all orbits of such an outer billiard are proved to be periodic, and all possible periods are listed explicitly. The proof is…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-09-12 Filipp Rukhovich

By introducing a new coordinate system, we prove that there are abundant new periodic orbits near relative equilibrium solutions of the N-body problem. We consider only Lagrange relative equilibrium of the three-body problem and…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-05-05 Xiang Yu

We show that for any natural number n, the set of domains containing absolutely periodic orbits of order n are dense in the set of bounded strictly convex domains with smooth boundary. The proof that such an orbit exists is an extension to…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-09-26 Keagan G. Callis

A systematic numerical technique for the calculation of unstable periodic orbits in the stadium billiard is presented. All the periodic orbits up to order $p=11$ are calculated and then used to calculate the average Lyapunov exponent and…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-22 Ofer Biham , Mark Kvale

Periodic orbits (equivalence classes of closed paths up to cyclic shifts) play an important role in applications of graph theory. For example, they appear in the definition of the Ihara zeta function and exact trace formulae for the spectra…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Isaac Echols , Jon Harrison , Tori Hudgins

We consider 3-periodic orbits in an elliptic billiard. Numerical experiments conducted by Dan Reznik have shown that the locus of the centers of inscribed circles of the corresponding triangles is an ellipse. We prove this fact by the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-11-13 Olga Romaskevich

This paper concerns on linked periodic orbits of orientation-preserving homeomorphisms of the $2$-disc in the sense of Gambaudo. We interpret the linking of periodic orbits by using their induced braids. Then based on the forcing relation…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-11 Xiang Liu

We show that for almost every $(P,\lambda)$ where $P$ is a convex polygon and $\lambda\in(0,1)$, the corresponding outer billiard about $P$ with contraction $\lambda$ is asymptotically periodic, i.e., has a finite number of periodic orbits…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-07-06 José Pedro Gaivão

We introduce symplectic billiards for pairs of possibly non-convex polygons. After establishing basic properties, we give several criteria on pairs of polygons for the symplectic billiard map to be fully periodic, i.e. $\textit{every}$…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-02-20 Peter Albers , Fabian Lander , Jannik M. Westermann