Related papers: n-localization property

In the present paper we are interested in properties of forcing notions which measure in a sense the distance between the ground model reals and the reals in the extension. We look at the ways the ``new'' reals can be aproximated by ``old''…

I describe an `oct-tree' N-body code which randomly shifts, reorients, and resizes the root cell at each time step. Averaging over a plurality of root cell positions and orientations statistically restores translational and rotational…

Whenever P is a proper definable forcing for adding a real, the countable support iteration of P has all the preservation properties it can possibly have, within a wide syntactically identified class of properties.

Consider observation data, comprised of n observation vectors with values on a set of attributes. This gives us n points in attribute space. Having data structured as a tree, implied by having our observations embedded in an ultrametric…

Collaborative work on shared documents was revolutionized by web services like Google Docs or Etherpad. Multiple users can work on the same document in a comfortable and distributed way. For the synchronization of the changes a replication…

We consider a vertex reinforced random walk on the integer lattice with sub-linear reinforcement. Under some assumptions on the regular variation of the weight function, we characterize whether the walk gets stuck on a finite interval. When…

Phylogenetic networks generalise phylogenetic trees and allow for the accurate representation of the evolutionary history of a set of present-day species whose past includes reticulate events such as hybridisation and lateral gene transfer.…

For a labeled, rooted tree with edges oriented towards the root, we consider the vertices as parking spots and the edge orientation as a one-way street. Each driver, starting with her preferred parking spot, searches for and parks in the…

Consider a rooted $N$-ary tree. To every vertex of this tree, we attach an i.i.d. continuous random variable. A vertex is called accessible if along its ancestral line, the attached random variables are increasing. We keep accessible…

We study whether a Large Language Model can learn the deterministic sequence of trees generated by the iterated prime factorization of the natural numbers. Each integer is mapped into a rooted planar tree and the resulting sequence $…

We show that for any two values $\alpha, \beta >0 $ for which $\alpha+\beta>1$ then there is a value $N$ so that for all $n \geq N$ the following holds. For any binary phylogenetic tree $T$ on $n$ leaves there is a set of $\lfloor n^\alpha…

Accessibility percolation is a new type of percolation problem inspired by evolutionary biology. To each vertex of a graph a random number is assigned and a path through the graph is called accessible if all numbers along the path are in…

We show that many countable support iterations of proper forcings preserve Souslin trees. We establish sufficient conditions in terms of games and we draw connections to other preservation properties. We present a proof of preservation…

In this paper we study a variation of the accessibility percolation model, this is also motivated by evolutionary biology and evolutionary computation. Consider a tree whose vertices are labeled with random numbers. We study the probability…

Tree rearrangement operations typically induce a metric on the space of phylogenetic trees. One important property of these metrics is the size of the neighbourhood, that is, the number of trees exactly one operation from a given tree. We…

The degree distribution of an ordered tree $T$ with $n$ nodes is $\vec{n} = (n_0,\ldots,n_{n-1})$, where $n_i$ is the number of nodes in $T$ with $i$ children. Let $\mathcal{N}(\vec{n})$ be the number of trees with degree distribution…

A tree $T$ is said to be homogeneous if it is uniquely rooted and there exists an integer $b\geq 2$, called the branching number of $T$, such that every $t\in T$ has exactly $b$ immediate successors. We study the behavior of measurable…

A phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships among species. Internal nodes of the tree represent speciation events and leaf nodes correspond to species. A goal of phylogenetics is to combine such trees into larger trees, called…

We introduce the concept of a class of graphs, or more generally, relational structures, being locally tree-decomposable. There are numerous examples of locally tree-decomposable classes, among them the class of planar graphs and all…

Assuming $\rm PFA$, we shall use internally club $\omega_1$-guessing models as side conditions to show that for every tree $T$ of height $\omega_2$ without cofinal branches, there is a proper and $\aleph_2$-preserving forcing notion with…