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Stanley's theorem establishes that for any finite graph $G$, the number $h_G(s)$ of magic labelings with magic sum $s$ can be expressed as a sum of two polynomials in $s$. However, determining the precise form of $h_G(s)$ is generally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Guoce Xin , Yueming Zhong , Yangbiao Zhou

A magic rectangle of order $m\times n$ with precisely $r$ filled cells in each row and precisely $s$ filled cells in each column, denoted $MR(m,n;r,s)$, is an arrangement of the numbers from 0 to $mr-1$ in an $m\times n$ array such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-10 Abdollah Khodkar , David Leach

We give a variety of magic hexagons of Orders from 3 to 7, many of which are extensions of known results. We also give a theorem that their are an infinite number of magic hexagons of Order $n$ for any fixed positive integer $n$ for any…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Geoffrey B. Campbell

Magic squares have been an enthralling topic in mathematics for centuries. They are formed by filling in all the cells of a square matrix with the numbers starting from one so that the sum of all rows, columns, and diagonals is the same.…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-02-14 Grasha Jacob , A. Murugan

Let s,t,m,n be positive integers such that sm=tn. Let M(m,s;n,t) be the number of m x n matrices over {0,1,2,...} with each row summing to s and each column summing to t. Equivalently, M(m,s;n,t) counts 2-way contingency tables of order m x…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-06-12 E. Rodney Canfield , Brendan D. McKay

We present a common generalization of counting lattice points in rational polytopes and the enumeration of proper graph colorings, nowhere-zero flows on graphs, magic squares and graphs, antimagic squares and graphs, compositions of an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-24 Matthias Beck , Thomas Zaslavsky

A k-magic square of order n is an arrangement of the numbers from 0 to kn-1 in an n by n matrix, such that each row and each column has exactly k filled cells, each number occurs exactly once, and the sum of the entries of any row or any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Abdollah Khodkar , David Leach

Similar to how standard Young tableaux represent paths in the Young lattice, Latin rectangles may be use to enumerate paths in the poset of semi-magic squares with entries zero or one. The symmetries associated to determinant preserve this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Robert W. Donley, , Won Geun Kim

A supermagic labeling (often also called supermagic labeling) of a graph $G(V,E)$ with $|E|=k$ is a bijection from $E$ to the set of first $k$ positive integers such that the sum of labels of all incident edges of every vertex $x\in V$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Dalibor Froncek

A Latin square of order $n$ is an $n\times n$ matrix in which each row and column contains each of $n$ symbols exactly once. For $\epsilon>0$, we show that with high probability a uniformly random Latin square of order $n$ has no proper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-08 Michael J. Gill , Adam Mammoliti , Ian M. Wanless

The Antimagic Graph Conjecture asserts that every connected graph $G = (V, E)$ except $K_2$ admits an edge labeling such that each label $1, 2, \dots, |E|$ is used exactly once and the sums of the labels on all edges incident to a given…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-06 Matthias Beck , Maryam Farahmand

It is unknown at present whether a magic square of squared integers exists. Such an object is defined to be a 3 by 3 grid of 9 distinct integer squares, such that the entries of each row, column, and two main diagonals sum to the same…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-13 Christian Woll

A distance magic labeling of an $n$-dimensional hypercube is a labeling of its vertices by natural numbers from $\{0, \ldots, 2^n-1\}$, such that for all vertices $v$ the sum of the labels of the neighbors of $v$ is the same. Such a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-02-17 Petr Savický

A signed magic array, $SMA(m, n;s,t)$, is an $m \times n$ array with the same number of filled cells $s$ in each row and the same number of filled cells $t$ in each column, filled with a certain set of numbers that is symmetric about the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-22 Chanceley Book , Abdollah Khodkar

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph of order $n$. A closed distance magic labeling of $G$ is a bijection $\ell \colon V(G)\rightarrow \{1,\ldots ,n\}$ for which there exists a positive integer $k$ such that $\sum_{x\in N[v]}\ell (x)=k$ for all $v\in V…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-10 Marcin Anholcer , Sylwia Cichacz , Iztok Peterin

We introduce Magic Gems, a geometric representation of magic squares as three-dimensional polyhedra. By mapping an n times n magic square onto a centered coordinate grid with cell values as vertical displacements, we construct a point cloud…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Kyle Elliott Mathewson

Let $G=(V,E)$ be an $n$-vertex graph with $m$ edges. A function $f : V \cup E \rightarrow \{1, \ldots, n+m\}$ is an edge-magic labeling of $G$ if $f$ is bijective and, for some integer $k$, we have $f(u)+f(v)+f(uv) = k$ for every edge $uv…

We present a randomized algorithm, which, given positive integers n and t and a real number 0< epsilon <1, computes the number Sigma(n, t) of n x n non-negative integer matrices (magic squares) with the row and column sums equal to t within…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alexander Barvinok , Alex Samorodnitsky , Alexander Yong

This is a translation of Leonhard Euler's ``De quadratis magicis'' . It is E795 in the Enestrom index. This paper studies how to construct magic squares with certain numbers of cells, in particular 9, 16, 25 and 36. It considers some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Leonhard Euler

The classical number system encodes magnitude using a single scalar value whose sign positive or negative has remained conceptually unchanged for centuries. This work introduces Multisign Algebra, a mathematical generalization of the sign…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Sebastián Aliaga-Rojas , Pamela Landero-Sepúlveda , Mario Inostroza-Ponta