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Current PAC-Bayes generalisation bounds are restricted to scalar metrics of performance, such as the loss or error rate. However, one ideally wants more information-rich certificates that control the entire distribution of possible…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-10 Reuben Adams , John Shawe-Taylor , Benjamin Guedj

Estimating the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between random variables is a fundamental problem in statistical analysis. For continuous random variables, traditional information-theoretic estimators scale poorly with dimension and/or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Mikil Foss , Andrew Lamperski

We propose a modified $\chi^{\beta}$-divergence, give some of its properties, and show that this leads to the definition of a generalized Fisher information. We give generalized Cram\'er-Rao inequalities, involving this Fisher information,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-28 Jean-François Bercher

Many information retrieval algorithms rely on the notion of a good distance that allows to efficiently compare objects of different nature. Recently, a new promising metric called Word Mover's Distance was proposed to measure the divergence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Georgios Balikas , Charlotte Laclau , Ievgen Redko , Massih-Reza Amini

Jensen-Shannon divergence (JD) is a symmetrized and smoothed version of the most important divergence measure of information theory, Kullback divergence. As opposed to Kullback divergence it determines in a very direct way a metric; indeed,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-14 Jop Briët , Peter Harremoës

Mixed $f$-divergences, a concept from information theory and statistics, measure the difference between multiple pairs of distributions. We introduce them for log concave functions and establish some of their properties. Among them are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2016-06-29 Umut Caglar , Elisabeth M. Werner

Statistical limits are defined relaxing conditions on conventional convergence. The main idea of the statistical convergence of a sequence l is that the majority of elements from l converge and we do not care what is going on with other…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2008-03-31 Mark Burgin , Oktay Duman

Hilbert-Schmidt distance is one of the prominent distance measures in quantum information theory which finds applications in diverse problems, such as construction of entanglement witnesses, quantum algorithms in machine learning, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-13 Santosh Kumar

We study concentration inequalities for the Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence between the empirical distribution and the true distribution. Applying a recursion technique, we improve over the method of types bound uniformly in all regimes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Jay Mardia , Jiantao Jiao , Ervin Tánczos , Robert D. Nowak , Tsachy Weissman

Divergence functions play a key role as to measure the discrepancy between two points in the field of machine learning, statistics and signal processing. Well-known divergences are the Bregman divergences, the Jensen divergences and the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-09 Tomohiro Nishiyama

An important tool to quantify the likeness of two probability measures are f-divergences, which have seen widespread application in statistics and information theory. An example is the total variation, which plays an exceptional role among…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-03-11 Jochen Bröcker

A loss function measures the discrepancy between the true values (observations) and their estimated fits, for a given instance of data. A loss function is said to be proper (unbiased, Fisher consistent) if the fits are defined over a unit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Amichai Painsky , Gregory W. Wornell

In this paper we discuss various connections between geometric discrepancy measures, such as discrepancy with respect to convex sets (and convex sets with smooth boundary in particular), and applications to numerical analysis and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-11-18 Josef Dick

The generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence (K-Ld) in Tsallis statistics [constrained by the additive duality of generalized statistics (dual generalized K-Ld)] is here reconciled with the theory of Bregman divergences for expectations…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-27 R. C. Venkatesan , A. Plastino

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the density function of a Chi-squared variable on the basis of observations of another Chi-squared variable and a normal variable under the Kullback-Leibler divergence. We assume that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-22 Yasuyuki Hamura , Tatsuya Kubokawa

Clustering categorical distributions in the finite-dimensional probability simplex is a fundamental task met in many applications dealing with normalized histograms. Traditionally, the differential-geometric structures of the probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Frank Nielsen , Ke Sun

In the general theory of quantum measurement, one associates a positive semidefinite operator on a $d$-dimensional Hilbert space to each of the $n$ possible outcomes of an arbitrary measurement. In the special case of a projective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Yizhou Liu , John B. DeBrota

Group sequential designs enable interim analyses and potential early stopping for efficacy or futility. While these adaptations improve trial efficiency and ethical considerations, they also introduce bias into the adapted analyses. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 G. Caruso , W. F. Rosenberger , P. Mozgunov , N. Flournoy

A loss function measures the discrepancy between the true values and their estimated fits, for a given instance of data. In classification problems, a loss function is said to be proper if a minimizer of the expected loss is the true…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Amichai Painsky , Gregory W. Wornell

We show that an information theoretic distance measured by the relative Fisher information between canonical equilibrium phase densities corresponding to forward and backward processes is intimately related to the gradient of the dissipated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-11-12 Takuya Yamano